The process in which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestion system.

Ex: Most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.

The whole passage along which food passes through the body from mouth to anus. It includes the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

Ex: The bolus going through the esophagus.

Type of countinous, slightly movable joint.

Ex: Sternocostal Joint. 

The structure of the body.

Ex: Anatomical features such as bones.

The position of the human body, standing erect, with the face directed anteriorly, the upper limbs at the sides and the palms turned anteriorly (supinated), and the feet pointed anteriorly; used as the position of reference in description of site or direction of various structures or parts as established in official anatomical nomenclature. Note: The palms are toward our view and we cannot see the back of the hands.

Ex: Standing facing forward, palms up.

The part of the skeleton that includes the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle and the upper and lower limbs.

Ex: Humerus.

The state of being joined.

Ex: The humerus articulates with the scapula and clavicle.

The part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs.

Ex: The skull.

The property of being divisible into symmetrical halves on either side of a unique plane.

Ex: Splitting the body down saggitaly, to be almost equal.

A bitter greenish-brown alkaline fluid that aids digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.

Ex: Liquid secreted from the Liver.

The pulpy acidic fluid that passes from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food.

Ex: Fluid from stomach.

the cecum, colon, and rectum collectively.

Ex: cecum

Extending well inward from its outer surface.

Ex: The dermis is deeper than the epidermis.

Synovial joint, as to move about freely.

Ex: Shoulder.

The system that makes food absorbable into the body.

Ex: The small intestine.

The first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach, leading to the jejunum.

Ex: from pyloric sphincter to jejunum.

Eccrine glands are the major sweat glands of the human body, found in virtually all skin. They produce a clear, odorless substance, consisting primarily of water and NaCl. NaCl is reabsorbed in the duct to reduce salt loss.

Ex: The skin on your arms.

The outer layer of cells covering an organism.

Ex: The outer most layer of skin on the body.

the part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach; the gullet. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane.

Ex: extending from mouth to stomach.

a space between the bones of the skull in an infant or fetus, where ossification is not complete and the sutures not fully formed.

Ex: The main one is between the frontal and parietal bones.

alimentary canal: tubular passage of mucous membrane and muscle extending about 8.3 meters from mouth to anus.

Ex: functions in digestion and elimination

Formation and development of blood cells.

Ex: Bones develop blood cells.

Process in which a state is maintained by the body.

Ex: temp regulation.

Largely composed of collagen and inorganic salts.

Ex: Matrix that doesn't contain collagen.

The skin and its appendages.

Ex: nails.

A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.

Ex: Collateral Ligaments.

A mature melanin-forming cell, typically in the skin.

Ex: Found in the skin.

The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

Ex: You metabolize the food you eat.

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

Ex: Identical twins

Negative feedback occurs when the result of a process influences the operation of the process itself in such a way as to reduce changes.

Ex: Ovarian cycles in which hormone levels change.

Organic compound of collagenous matrix and cells.

Ex: Matrix that is mostly collagen.

The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.

Ex: the esophagus

The fuctions of an organism.

Ex: All the things it takes to walk.

Positive feedback is a process in which the effects of a small disturbance on a system include an increase in the magnitude of the perturbation

Ex: Childbirth

An oily secretion of the sebaceous glands.

Ex: Sweat

A seamlike immovable junction between two bones, such as those of the skull.

Ex: Coronal Suture

The hard structure (bones and cartilages) that provides a frame for the body of an animal.

Ex: Humerus

Existing or occurring at or on the surface.

Ex: The skin

A place where two bones are closely joined, either forming an immovable joint (as between the pubic bones in the center of the pelvis) or completely fused (as at the midline of the lower jaw).

Ex: Pubic bones in center of pelvis

An immovably fixed joint between bones connected by fibrous tissue.

Ex: Sutures

A joint so articulated as to move freely.

Ex: The shoulder

A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.

Ex: Large achilles tendon

The constriction of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure.

Ex: Chef Ramsay during hells kitchen

The dilatation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure.

Ex: Chef Ramsay when he leaves hells kitchen

Opening or hole in bone.

Ex: Traverse Foramina

What are the levels of organization, smallest to largest?

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ Systems

Organism

Axial

Saggittal

Coronal

Dorsal

Ventral

Dorsal contains the Cranium and spinal cord

Ventral contains heart and abdominal organs

protection

body temp regulation

sensory

synthesis of vitamin d

What are the layers of the epidermis?

(superficial to deep)

Corneum

Lucidum

Granulosum

Spinosum

Basale

Papillary & Recticular layers.

collagen

elastic and recticular fibers

immune functions

hair folicles, nail roots, sebaceous glands

blood vessels, nerve endings, sweat glands, sensory

where is the subcutaneous layer located?

what is another name for this layer?

Under the Dermis.

Hypodermis

What do eccrine glands do?

where are they located?

and when do the function?

They let the body sweat.

Common on forehead, neck, and back.

Produce profuse sweating on hot days and when a person is physically active. They also are responsible for the moisture that may appear on the palms and soles when a person is emotionally stressed

What is the function of melanocytes?

What happens when they are exposed to sunlight?

They produce and distribute melanin, which determines the pigment of skin.

They become more active and produce more melanin.

The dermis is the inner layer that lies under the epidermis. It contains hair follicles, sweat glands, nerves and small blood vessels.

The epidermis is the layer that covers our body.

What is the most common kind of skin cancer?

What type of skin cancer involves a changing mole?

Basal cell carcinoma

Melanoma

Proximal/Distal epiphysis

diaphysis

Spongey tissue

compact bone

medullary cavity

articular cartilage

endosystem

penosystem

support

protection

movement

structure

blood cell production

mineral storage

fibrous

cartilaginous

synovial

Production of blood cells

Occurs in bone marrow

What bones are in the axial skeleton?

how many?

cranium, vertebra, rib cage, and sternum

80 bones

What bones are in the axial skeleton?

how many?

Pectoral and pelvic girdle & upper and lower extremities

126 bones

coronal

saggital

lamboidal

squamous

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

frontal

parietal

occipital

temporal

external auditory

styloid process

mandible

maxilla

zygomatic

sphenoid

mandibrium

body

xphoid process

duodenum

jejenum

ileum

What are intestinal vili?

what is their function?

the stuff that covers the inside of the small intestine.

they absorb nutrients

Cardiac/Lower esophogial- let food into the stomach and stop stomach acid from coming back up.

pyloric- let chyme pass from stomach to small intestine.

amylase- starches

pepsin- proteins

bile- fats

pht and calcitonin

from the parathyroid and thyroid glands

mouth

esophogus

stomach

small intestine

large intestine

rectum