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Definition
| a teacher’s belief that he or she can reach and help even difficult students to learn. |
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Definition
| teachers responsibility to parents, board of education, and the general public for student learning. |
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| performance based teaching |
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Definition
| Teacher’s responsibility to students to ensure that they learn, It changed the role of the teacher no longer could it be teacher student, now the student has to learn and be able to apply |
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Definition
| is the holistic science of education. It may be implemented in practice as a personal, and holistic approach of socializing and upbringing children and young people |
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Definition
| assignments and assessments that reflect real needs and problems that students will encounter outside the classroom |
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Definition
| process whereby students are mentally and physically active in learning through activities that involve gather data, thinking, and problem solving |
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| mainstreaming / inclusion |
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Definition
the educational and social integration of children with special needs into the school wide instructional process, usually in general classroom
the practice of ensuring that all students with disabilities participate with other students in all aspects of school |
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Definition
| national education association |
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Definition
| the practice of using assessment data measuring student performance to evaluate and change instructional practice so that all students succeed |
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Definition
| American federation of teachers |
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| How are the NEA and the AFT alike? Different? |
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Definition
| NEA was founded “to elevate the character and advance the interest of the profession of teaching and to promote the cause of education in the United States, while the AFT wants to improve the lives of their members and their families, to give voice to legitimate professional, economic, add social aspirations. They are alike in that they want to better their community. |
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| merit pay / performance pay |
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Definition
| pay based on meritorious service, performance, and or special assignments / salary increases based on student achievement and classroom performance, Gradually replacing the term merit pay |
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| standards based education |
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Definition
| instruction aimed at providing students the specific skills and levels of competency necessary to move through the educational system. |
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Definition
| a nontraditional approach to learning in which the teacher moves from grade to grade with students. |
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Definition
| a credit awarded for successfully completing a high school course and used in determining graduating requirements and college admissions. 7 classes a year |
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Definition
| school class schedules that provide students longer period of time, for example, four ninety minutes classes each day. 8 classes a year 4 per semester |
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Term
| Explain the difference in primary and elementary |
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Definition
| Primary is k through 3 while elementary is 4-6 |
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| Explain the difference in middle school and junior high |
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Definition
| Middle school enrolls students 6-8 grades ages 10-14 while junior high 7 and 8 or 8 and 9. |
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| List 5 types of alternative schools |
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Definition
| 1 at-risk students 2 parental choice 3 magnet schools, 4 private for profit schools 5 charter schools |
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Definition
| provide free public elementary/secondary education under a charter granted by the state legislature or other appropriate authority |
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| Global education / multicultural education |
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Definition
| Global is using outside resources, ME is targeting all students to make sure equal chance at excelling. |
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Definition
| the facts, concepts, and themes that challenge mainstream academic knowledge and revise established theories and explanations. |
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Term
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Definition
| in education, is the study and achievement of fairness in education. The study of educational equity is often linked with the study of excellence and equity. Fairness is often equated with equality, but equity deals with accommodating and meeting the specific needs of specific individuals. Such needs-based accommodation will not result in equal treatment of all students. |
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| which demands that children face equal prospects for educational achievement regardless of their social background or their natural level of talent. |
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Definition
| part of education amendments of 1972 that prohibits exclusion on the basis of sex from participation in or benefits of any education programs or actively receiving federal funding |
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Definition
| student whose primary language is not English (English Language learners) |
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Definition
| limited English proficiency |
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| SES – meaning of acronym; what 3 factors determine SES? |
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Definition
| Socioeconomic status- Family income, maternal education level, and family occupation |
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Term
| What is the difference in sex and gender? |
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Definition
"Sex” refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women.
“Gender” refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. |
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Term
| IDEA - what is the main purpose of this legislation? |
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Definition
| Individuals with disabilities education act!!! Purpose a federal act providing a free and appropriate education to disabled youth between ages 3 and 21 |
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Term
| “students with disabilities" |
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Definition
| – children with physical impairments (hearing speech or language, visual, orthopedic) or mental, emotional impairments (mental retardation, autism, emotional disturbance, traumatic brain injury) or specific learning disabilities and who, by reason thereof, need special education and related services. |
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Term
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Definition
| individualized education program a plan for meeting an exceptional learner’s educational needs that specifies goals, objectives, services, and procedures for evaluation progress. |
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Term
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Definition
| attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder –children with ADHD have an unusual degree of difficulty with attention and self-control, which leads to problems with learning, social functioning, and behavior that occur in more than one situation and that have been present for a significant length of time. |
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Term
| Differentiated instruction |
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Definition
| using a variety of methods, materials, and activities to meet the learning needs of all students. |
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Term
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Definition
| students whose living conditions and backgrounds place them at risk for dropping out of school |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior that violates the rules and regulations of society |
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Term
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Definition
| They require support with social interaction and behavior issues |
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Term
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Definition
| more common in boys, and affects a child’s ability to socialize and communicate. Normal intelligence but have problems with social interaction and abstract concepts. |
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Term
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Definition
| funds allocated to parents to be used to purchase education for their children at public or private schools in the area |
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Term
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Definition
| an independent public schools designed to enhance efforts at improving and reforming public schools |
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Term
| Name some of the stakeholders in public education in America. |
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Definition
| Political interest groups, business and industry, professional organizations and teachers, parents, students, and community groups |
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Term
| List 2 schools that are run directly by the federal government. |
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Definition
| a. DODDS (department of federal defense schools), b. Armed services operate an extensive system of child care and c.some private and public schools |
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Term
| What parts of the U.S. Constitution support or deal with education? |
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Definition
| The first amendment, the 4th amendment and the 14th amendment |
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Term
| Describe 2 examples of how the federal Executive Branch has influenced education |
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Definition
| NCLB, DOE, NASBE State standards board and NGA (national governors’ association |
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Term
| What are the responsibilities of state standards boards? |
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Definition
| Setting statewide curriculum standards, determining qualifications for professional education personnel, including teacher certification, making recommendations on state education statutes, adopting standards to ensure equal access and dues process, undertaking quasi-legislative and judicial function, administrating federal assistance programs, formulating standards on school facilities |
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Term
| What are the main responsibilities of state Departments of Education? |
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Definition
| Overseeing public and private elementary, secondary and vocational education, working cooperatively with the state legislature, providing for and promoting staff development, conducting public relations, monitoring school compliance with state regulations |
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Term
| What are the responsibilities of local boards of education? |
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Definition
| to provide the best possible education for everyone, how to achieve this goal, how much to spend, and what to spend it on are the issues of local level |
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Term
| school-based management -–(SBM) |
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Definition
| governance process based on the premise that people who are affected by decisions should be involved in making them; also called site based management. |
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Term
| What are the main sources of school funding? |
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Definition
| State Taxes (sales tax)(look up should be property taxes) |
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Term
| categorical (block) grants |
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Definition
| federal government support of the public schools that comes through specific legislation designed to help particular groups of students; sometimes called block grants. |
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Term
| What kinds of taxes/funding are collected to support education at the state level? |
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Definition
| Local property taxes main one but also could include sales taxes, income taxes, inheritance taxes, various license and occupational fees and state lotteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| provide equal funding based on a district’s average daily attendance, which is established during “count week,” generally during October and February; some sates give variable amounts of funding based on particular needs |
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Term
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Definition
| grants based on the property values in a school district, funding is usually in inverse relation to community wealth; school districts in poorer communities with low property values receive more grant funding than do school districts in more affluent communities. |
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Term
| Most local funding comes from _________taxes. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a fee that is implemented by a local government on a new or proposed development to help assist or pay for a portion of the costs of providing sewer, water, police and fire protection, schools and other public services |
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Term
| funding equity (relationship to KERA) |
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Definition
| involves issues of equable funding relates to the unequal ability of school districts to pay for quality education. Some states provide additional funding to compensate for school districts’ inability to adequately fund education. |
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Term
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Definition
| tax imposed in such a manner that the tax rate decreases as the amount subject to taxation increases. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases |
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Term
| The First Amendment usually applies to what type of school issues? |
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Definition
| Issues relating to freedom of religion and speech |
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Term
| The Fourth Amendment usually applies to what type of school issues? |
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Definition
| Basic privacy and security rights |
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Term
| The Fourteenth Amendment usually applies to what type of school issues? |
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Definition
| Due process means that the deferral, state and local governments can deprive a person of life, liberty, or property only after following a fair decision making process. |
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Term
1962 - What Supreme Court case changed the role of religion in schools?
How? |
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Definition
| ? Engle v. Vitale public school officials could not require pupils to recite a state composed prayer at the start of each day |
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Term
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Definition
| The clause of the First Amendments that states: :congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of relations. “wall of separation between church and state” |
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Term
| What are the 3 parts of the “Lemon” Test (1971)? |
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Definition
| 1. does it have a secular purpose? 2. Does it advance of inhibit religion? 3. Does it excessively entangle government and religion? |
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Term
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Definition
| segregate according to the law- that is, segregation that exists because of laws requiring or permitting it. |
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Term
| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)? |
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Definition
| Separate but equal, basically things could be segregated but had to be equal quality |
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Term
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)? |
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Definition
| That State-sanctioned segregation in public schools violates the equal protection of the 14th amendment. |
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Term
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Definition
| segregation resulting from individual choices of neighborhoods; also known as “natural” segregation |
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Term
| What was the purpose of involuntary bussing in the 1970s? |
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Definition
| That it was a legitimate means of achieving school integration |
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Term
| What are the 3 main legal issues concerning school finance? |
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Definition
| 1. Equitable distribution of money among affluent districts (usually suburban districts) and less affluent districts (usually inner city districts) 2. The ability of wealthy districts to tax low and spend high. 3. The responsibility of the states to provide adequate educational opportunities for all the children of the states, not just those in affluent districts. |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that the state, in the school context, acts “in the place of parents” |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Negligence, intentional torts, strict liability |
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Term
| When is a teacher negligent? |
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Definition
| When they fail to use proper standards and care to protect students or fail to foresee and correct potential harm in a situation. |
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Term
| Federal definition of child abuse |
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Definition
| -"Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation"; or "An act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm." |
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Term
| What does federal law require teachers do in cases of child abuse? |
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Definition
| Are required to report cases of abuse, they are also protected from being sued for reporting suspected cases. |
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Term
| Federal definition of sexual harassment |
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Definition
| It is unlawful to harass a person (an applicant or employee) because of that person’s sex. Harassment can include “sexual harassment” or unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature. |
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Term
| When is photocopying allowed? |
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Definition
| Teachers may make single copies of material for their own use and research. They may make multiple copes if each copy carries a notice of copyright. |
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Term
| When is photocopying NOT allowed? |
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Definition
| Is not permitted when it replaces anthologies, is from a consumable product such as a workbook, is intended to replace books, or when students are charged for the copies they make beyond what it cost to copy the materials |
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Term
| What are the rules concerning taping TV broadcasts? |
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Definition
| Must receive permission in advance to copy TV, can be kept for 45 days. |
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Term
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Definition
| the right to permanent employment after serving a probationary period of successful teaching, ranging in length from 3 to 5 years |
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Term
| Academic freedom -In what areas is it limited? |
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Definition
| the right of teachers to teach what and how they want without constraint from others. Evolution (science) Religion is limited |
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Term
| Free Speech and Dress Codes - Overall, how are the First Amendment rights of students limited? |
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Definition
| Students cannot post, say or do things that will be considered harassment, they also have to follow a dress code as long as it is set to reasonable standards of dress and appearance. Clothing may not condone, advertise, depict, or promote the use of alcohol, tobacco, or drugs. |
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Term
| How do the due process provisions of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments apply to students? |
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Definition
| both provisions require that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property by the government without due process of law. |
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Term
| What is the difference in suspension and expulsion? |
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Definition
| Suspension is the short-term denial of school attendance as well as limiting participation in regular courses and school activities. Expulsion the removal of the student from the supervision and control of the school |
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Term
| Who has access to students’ records? |
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Definition
| Parents and students over the age of 18 |
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Term
| What student groups must not be discriminated against? |
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Definition
| Gender and sexual identity, English language learners (ELLs), special education, and AIDS |
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Term
Traditional public forum / limited or designated public forum / nonpublic forums – what is
the difference? – be ready to respond to a scenario like the ones in class |
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Definition
| A public forum, also called an open forum, is open to all expression that is protected under the First Amendment. A nonpublic forum is not specially designated as open to public expression. For example, jails, public schools, and military bases are nonpublic forums (unless declared otherwise by the government). Such forums can be restricted based on the content of the speech, but not based on viewpoint.according to the Supreme Court, is a forum set aside by government for expressive activities. Like a traditional public forum, content-based speech restrictions in a designated public forum are subject to strict scrutiny. The government may, of course, impose time, place, or manner regulations consistent with the test laid out in cases such as Ward v Rock Against Racism |
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Term
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Definition
| statements of what all students should know and be able to do. |
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Term
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Definition
| the arrangement of standards, curriculum, and test so they are in agreement |
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Term
| Why do Texas and California have a big impact on textbooks? |
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Definition
| Because the whole state has adopted textbooks to be used across every school and since they are large states with a huge population and by federal requirements school districts can only purchase textbooks from adopted list they can use funds to meet each school. |
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Term
| NAEP – what does acronym stand for? What is purpose of organization? |
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Definition
| National assessment of educational progress! only national test that assesses what America’s students know and can do |
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Term
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Definition
| often called “grading on a curve” each student’s achievement is compared to every other student’s achievement in the class. This comparison can result in a ranking of students. |
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Term
| criterion referenced grading |
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Definition
| each student’s performance is compared to his or her performance on the standards, regardless of how well other students perform. |
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Term
Proficient – what does it mean to you? to Kentucky teachers? in No Child Left
Behind? |
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Definition
| all teaching has to focus on the student, so am I proficient if I strive to meet their needs both in and out of the classroom? A test can show whether or not I know my subject matter and maybe whether or not I have learned about things like classroom management and school politics, but I don't think it can demonstrate whether or not I am proficient at teaching. |
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Term
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Definition
| adequate yearly progress- the definition established by each state to determine the progress of each school district and school. |
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Term
| - 4 basic curricula – names and definitions |
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Definition
| explicit curriculum,hidden curriculum, null curriculum, and extracurriculum |
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Term
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Definition
| the behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge schools intend to teach students |
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Term
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Definition
| the behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge the school culture unintentionally teaches students. |
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Term
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Definition
| the intellectual processes and subject content that schools do not teach. |
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Term
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Definition
| noncredit activities that are over and above the required curriculum |
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Term
| - what, exactly, does “scientifically based research” mean |
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Definition
| Research that involves applying rigorous, systematic, and objective produces to obtain reliable and valid knowledge relevant to education activities and programs. |
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Term
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Definition
| highly structured, teacher-centered strategy that capitalizes on such behavioral techniques as modeling, feedback, and reinforcement to promote basic skill acquisition, primarily in reading and mathematics. |
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Term
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Definition
| any form of instruction that is not transmitted directly to the students by the teacher. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| - What are the main provisions of the NCLB law? |
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Definition
| reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which included Title I, the government's flagship aid program for disadvantaged students.[5] NCLB supports standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals can improve individual outcomes in education. The Act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills. States must give these assessments to all students at select grade levels in order to receive federal school funding. The Act does not assert a national achievement standard; standards are set by each individual state.[6] NCLB expanded the federal role in public education through annual testing, annual academic progress, report cards, teacher qualifications, and funding changes.[5] |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a federal program designed to have students proficient in math and reading by the year 2013-2014 |
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Term
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Definition
| Kentucky education reform act |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| KERA - What are the main provisions of this law? |
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Definition
use basic communication and mathematics skills for purposes and situations they will encounter throughout their lives.
develop their abilities to become responsible members of a family, work group, and community, including demonstrating effectiveness in community service. |
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Term
| What legal event caused KERA to be created and passed? |
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Definition
| Rose v. Council for Better Education |
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