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final
chapters 11, 12, 14
28
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
05/06/2008

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Cards

Term
ethnicity
Definition
a shared cultural heritage
Term
scapegoat
Definition
a person or category of people, typically with little power whom other people unfairly blame for their own troubles
Term
discrimination
Definition
unequal treatment of various categories of people
Term
institutional prejudice and discrimination
Definition
bias built into the operaion of society's institutions
Term
pluralism
Definition
a state in which people of all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standing
Term
assimilation
Definition
to describe the process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture
Term
miscegoenation
Definition
biological reproduction by partners of different racial categories
Term
segregation
Definition
physicial and social separation of categories of people/
Term
race
Definition
a socially constructed category of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important
Term
postindustrial economy
Definition
a productive system based on service work and high technology
Term
primary sector of the economy
Definition
part of the economy that draws raw materials from the natural environment
Term
secondary sectoe
Definition
is the part of the economy that transforms raw materials into manufactured goods
Term
tertiary sector
Definition
the part of the economy that involves services rather than goods
Term
socialism
Definition
an economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are collectively owned
Term
state capitalism
Definition
an economic and political system in which companies are privately owned but cooperate closely with the government
Term
routinization of charisma
Definition
the transformation of charismatic authority into some combination of traditional and bureacratic authority
Term
authoritarianism
Definition
a political system that denies the people participation in government
Term
totalitarianism
Definition
a highly centralized political system that extensively regulates people's lives
Term
welfare state
Definition
a system of government agencies and programs that provides benefits to the population
Term
pluralist model
Definition
an analysis of politics that sees power as spread among many competing interest groups
Term
power-elite model
Definition
based on social conflit theory, is an analysis of politics that sees power as concentrated among the rich
Term
marxist political-economy model
Definition
an analysis that explains politics in terms of the operation of a societies economic system
Term
political revolution
Definition
the overthrow of one political system in order to establish another
Term
military industrial complex
Definition
the close association of the federal government, the military, and defense industries
Term
funtional illiteracy
Definition
a lack of the reading and writing skills needed for everyday living
Term
social epidemiology
Definition
the study of how health and disease are distruted throughout a society's population
Term
euthanasia
Definition
assisting in the death of a person suffering from an incurable disease
Term
socialized medicine
Definition
a medical care system in which the government owns and operates most medical facilities and employs most physicians
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