Term
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Definition
| -Built on the premise that all people are innately good, possess free will, and strive for growth |
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Term
| Psychoanalysis Psychology |
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Definition
-Iceberg theory of psychology
-Main drives are sexual and aggressive |
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Term
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Definition
-All behavior can be explained by learning and through principles of reinforcement
-Behavior is determined by the environment |
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Term
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Definition
-People are not passive beings completely shaped by their environment
-Rather, they are active participants who: 1)seek out new experiences 2) use mental processes to interpret these experiences 3)impose their will on the environment |
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Term
| *What do neurotransmitters do? |
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Definition
| -They influence the receiving neuron, making it either more or less likely to fire |
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Term
| What are the four lobes of the brain? |
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Definition
-Frontal Lobe
-Parietal Lobe
-Occipital Lobe
-Temporal Lobe |
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Term
| What are the main structures of the visual system?(pic)page 76 |
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Definition
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Term
| *What are the two main theories of color vision? |
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Definition
1)***Trichromatic (Young-Helmholtz) theory:
3 different kinds of cone, each responding to red, blue, or green.
2)Opponent-Process theory (Hering): Additional processing occurs after the visual information leaves the receptor cells
-Red VS Green
-Yellow VS Blue
-White VS Black |
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Term
| *What is the Restorative theory of why we sleep? |
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Definition
| We need to sleep so our BODY can "RE-ENERGIZE" ourselves |
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Term
| What are the four theories of why we dream? |
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Definition
-Freduian theory: Look for hidden meaning
-Cognitive theory: Thinking while asleep
-Activation-synthesis Hypothesis: Random firing
-Evolutionary theory: Rehearsing for real life |
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Term
| *What is the inhibitory effect |
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Definition
| OBSERVING someone else being PUNISHED for behavior might make you LESS LIKELY to engage in that behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| INCORPORATING NEW experiences into EXISTING schemes |
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Term
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Definition
| Schemes are MODIFIED or ADDED to incorporate new experiences |
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Term
| What are Gardner's 8 frames of mind? |
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Definition
Linguistic: use of language in thinking/communication
-Interpersonal: social and communication skills
Intrapersonal: understanding oneself |
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Term
| *What is the drive reduction theory? |
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Definition
| An internal state of TENSION |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the risk factors for mood disorders? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the diagnostic criteria for a major depressive episode? |
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Definition
-depressed mood
-anhedoia:loss of interest or pleasure
-change in appetite or weight
-changes in sleep
-fatigue or loss of energy
-feelings of worthlessness/excessive guilt
-problems with concentration or decision-making |
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Term
| *What is Beck's cognitive therapy? |
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Definition
| Automatic thoughts are responsible for much of our misery |
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Term
| *What is cognitive therapy? |
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Definition
| Change the beliefs and you will change the behavior/feelings |
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Term
| *What is Freud's theories on personality? |
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Definition
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Term
| *What is the main function of the Frontal Lobe? |
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Definition
-Responsible for voluntary motor controls
-Speech center is located here |
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Term
| *What is the fundamental attribution error? |
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Definition
| OVERESTIMATING internal causes of OTHERS' ACTIONS |
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Term
| *What is object permanence? |
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Definition
| A term that is used to describe a child's ABILITY to know that OBJECTS continue to EXISTS even though they can NO LONGER be SEEN or HEARD. |
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Term
| *What is the facilitation effect? |
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Definition
| You tend to do better with other people present |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is situational attributions? |
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Definition
| External; BEHAVIOR is caused by things in the ENVIRONMENT |
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Term
| What is dispositional attributions? |
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Definition
| Internal; BEHAVIOR is caused by PERSONALITY TRAITS, MOTIVES, & ATTITUDES |
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Term
| What is the serial position effect:Primacy & Recency? |
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Definition
-Primacy: recall is greater for material learned FIRST
-Recency: Recall is greater for the MOST RECENT material learned |
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Term
| What is state-dependent memory effect? |
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Definition
| MEMORY is best when your INTERNAL state is similar to those under which the info was learned. |
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