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| Study of mental processes by which info from the environment is modified, made meaningful, stored, retrieved, used, and communicated to others |
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| Describe, elaborate, decide, plan, act |
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| The manipulation of mental representations |
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| The time between the presentation of the stimulus, and on overt response to it. |
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A category of objects, events, or ideas that have common properties
Formal concept: rectangle
Natural concept: table |
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| Generalizations about categories of objects, places, events, and people. |
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| A mental representation of familiar sequences of activity |
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| A representation of particular situations or arrangements of objects that guides our interaction with them. |
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| A mental model of familiar parts of the environment. |
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| The process of following a set of regorous procedures for reaching valid conclusions. |
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The process of evaluating a conclusion, theory, or course of action on the basis of the believability of evidence.
Anchoring Heuristic,Representativeness Heuristic, Availability Heuristic |
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| Language Symbols and Grammar |
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Language: Symbols and a set of rules for combining them that provides a vehicle for communication.
Grammer: A set of rules for combining the words used in a given language. |
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| Phoneme, Morpheme, and Words |
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| Phoneme: smallest unit of sound that affects the meaning of speech...Morpheme: The smallest unit of language that has meaning...Word: Unit of language composed of one of more morphemes. |
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| The set of rules that govern the formation of phrases and sentences in a language. |
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| Rules governing the meaning of words and sentences. |
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| Surface Structure and Deep Structure |
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| Surface Structure: The order of which words are arranged in a sentence...Deep Structure: An abstract representation of the underlying meanings of a given sentence. |
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| Bottom-up processing, top- down processing |
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| Bottom-up: Aspects of recognition that depend on info about stimulus from the brain to sensory receptors...Top-down: Aspects of recognition guided by higher level cognitive processes. |
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| Babblings, one-word stage, telegraphic speech |
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| Babblings: The first sounds infants make that resemble speech...One word stage: A stage of language development during which children tend to use one word at a time...Telegraphic speech: Two word sentences, brief and to the point. |
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| Spearman's theory of intelligence |
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| Intelligence can be expressed by a single factor. |
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| Thurstone's theory of intelligence |
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Made up of 7 abilities
-Reasoning, memory, verbal comprehension, perceptual speed, number, word fluency, spatial visualization. |
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| Guilford's theory of intelligence |
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| Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences |
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| Linguistic, logical, spatial, musical, bodily, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist |
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| Sternburg's triarchic theory |
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| Experiential or creative knowledge, componential(compare, contrast, analyze), contextual or practical(street smarts) |
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| Would help you figure out what to do if you were stranded on a lonely road during a blizzard. |
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| The kind that is measured by traditional intelligence tests, would help you solve a physics problem |
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| What you would use to compose music |
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| You can only think of one use for an object. |
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| The ability to think along many alternative paths to generate many different solutions to a problem. |
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| The degree to which a test can be repeated with the same results. |
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| The degree to which test scores are interpreted correctly and used appropriately. |
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| Test items have been piloted on a similar population who are meant to take the test. |
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| Measures ability or potential |
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| Measures what has been learned or accomplished |
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| A systematic procedure that cannot fail to produce a correct solution. |
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| Sets of statements that provide a formula for drawing conclusions |
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| An argument made of two propositions, called premises, and a conclusion based on those premises. |
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| A mental shortcut that involves basing judgment on existing info. |
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| A mental shortcut through which judgements are based on info that is most easily brought to mind. |
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| Representativeness Heuristic |
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| A mental shortcut that involves judging whether something belongs in a given class, based on similarity. |
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