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| The influences that account for the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior. |
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| A reason of purpose for behavior |
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| A view that explains human behavior as motivated by automatic, involuntary, and unlearned responses. |
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| An innate, automatic disposition toward responding in a particular way when confronted with specific stimulus. |
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| The tendency for organisms to keep their physiological systems at a stable, steady level by constantly adjusting themselves in response to change. |
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| A theory of motivation stating that motivation arises from imbalances in homeostasis. |
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| A biological requirement for well being that is created by an imbalance in homeostasis. |
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| A feeling of arousal that prompts an organism to take action, restore the balance, and as a result, reduce the drive. |
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| A general level of activation that is reflected in the state of several physiological systems, including the brain, heart, lungs, and muscles. |
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| People are motivated to behave in ways that maintain what is, for them, an optimal arousal level. |
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| Behavior is directed toward attaining desirable stimuli and avoiding unwanted stimuli. |
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| General state of wanting to eat. (hypothalamus) |
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| General state of no longer wanting to eat |
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| A condition in which a person is severely overweight, as measured by a bmi greater than 30. |
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| Self-starvation and dramatic weight loss. |
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| Involves eating massive amounts of food and then eliminating the food by self induced vomiting or the use of strong laxatives. |
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| The pattern of physiological arousal during and after sexual activity. Excitement->Plateau->Orgasm->Resolution |
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| Chemicals in the blood of males and females that have both organizational and activational effects on sexual behavior. |
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| Sex hormones that circulate in the bloodstream of men and women, more in women. |
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| Sex hormone: More in women |
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| Sex hormone: more in women |
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| attracted to the other sex |
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| Attracted to the same sex |
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| A desire for external rewards such as money. |
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| A desire to attain internal satisfaction. |
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| A combination of a cognitive judgement of satisfaction with life, the frequent experiencing of positive moods and emotions, and the relatively infrequent experiencing of unpleasant moods and emotions. |
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| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs |
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Definition
-Biological: Food, water, sleep, oxygen
-Safety: Secure Income
-Belongingness: Need for relationship
-Esteem: Need to be respected
-Self Actualization: Reaching one's full potential |
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| Any reaction to a stimulus is followed by an opposite reaction which is opponent process..or.. after repeated exposure to the same stimulus, the initial reaction weakens, and the opponent process becomes quicker and stronger. |
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| A transitory positive or negative experience that is felt as happening to the self, is generated in part by cognitive appraisal of a situation, and is accompanied by both learned and innate physical responses. |
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| Sympathetic nervous system |
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| System that usually prepares the organism for vigorous activity. |
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| Parasympathetic nervous system |
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| Influences activity related to the protection, nourishment, and growth of the body. |
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| Flight-or-Flight syndrome |
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| Prepares the body to fight or to fun from a threatening situation. |
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| The process of explaining the causes of an event. |
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| The process of carrying over arousal from one experience to an independent situation. |
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Emotions occur as a result of physiological reactions to events. Your emotional reaction is dependent upon how you interpret those physical reactions.
Event->Arousal->Interpretation->Emotion |
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We feel emotions and experience physiological reactions such as sweating, trembling and muscle tension simultaneously.
Event->Physical+Emotion |
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The two-factor theory focuses on the interaction between physical arousal and how we cognitively label that arousal.
Event->Arousal->Reasoning->Emotion |
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A thought must come before my emotion or physiological arousal. You must think about your situation before you can experience an emotion.
Event->Thought->Emotion+Arousal |
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Emotion is the experience of changes in our facial muscles that cue our brains and provide the basis of our emotions.
Event->Facial Changes->Emotion |
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| hunger, thirst, pain and sex |
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| If task is simple, arousal can be high. If task is complex, lower levels of arousal provide for the best performance. |
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