Term
| Describe the action of Uticaria (hives) |
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Definition
| Mast cell degeneration, histamine-related pruritis, edema and wheal formation, angiodema possible |
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Term
| What causes IgE independent Uticaria? |
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Definition
| Usually chemical induced, opiates and antibiotics (penicillin) |
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Term
| What is Hereditary angioneurotic edema? |
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Definition
| Angiodema involving GI tract and larynx; 20-40 y.o.; lesions usually found on trunk, distal extremities and ears. |
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Term
| Describe Acute eczematous Dermatitis. What are the 5 types of this condition? |
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Definition
psoriasis-like
5 types: Allergic contact-type IV hs.
Atopic
Drug-related eczematous
Photoeczematous
Primary irritant forms |
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Term
| What are the 5 most common topicals causing allergic contact dermatitis? |
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Definition
-antimicrobial agents
-antihistamines
-local anesthetics
-preservatives
-adhesive type |
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Term
| Describe the condition of Erythema multiforme. |
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Definition
-Target lesions
-Caused by drugs, infection or systemic disorders
-epidermal degeneration and necrosis
-Symmetric involvement of extremities |
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Term
| What are some of the clinical features of Erythema multiforme? |
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Definition
-Stevens-Johnson syndrome
-TEN-toxic epidermal necrolysis
--clinically similar to 3rd degree burns |
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Term
| What suggests that psoriasis is genetic and/or exogenous? |
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Definition
-associated with HLA
-Koebner phenomenon: new lesions at site of trauma |
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Term
| What are some of the clinical findings of psoriasis? |
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Definition
-Pink plaques on elbows, scalp, lumbosacral, intergluteal cleft and glans penis
-silvery scaling
-Nail changes |
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Term
| What is a life threatening form of psoriasis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is dandruff and describe this condition. |
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Definition
-Seborrheic dermatitis
-More common than psoriasis; involves sebaceous glands (scalp, forehead, nasolabial folds and presternal folds)
-Yeast may be involved
-forms as macules and papules on yellow base |
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Term
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Definition
-self-limited disease
-Koebner phenomenon
-pruritic, purple papules
-Wickham striae
-found on wrists, elbows, and glans penis |
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Term
| WHat causes lichen simplex chronicus? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-caused by staph. or strep. infections
-found on face or hands
-presents as a honey-colored crust |
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Term
| Can fungal infections be life-threatening? |
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Definition
| Yes, ASPERILLIGUS in the immunosuppressed, but normally are superficial and Candida is the usual suspect. |
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Term
| What are the 7 types of fungal infections? |
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Definition
-Tinea capitis
- " barba
- " corporis-ringworm
- " cruris-inguinal areas of obese men
- " pedis
- " versicolor
-Onycomycosis-nail dermatophytosis |
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Term
| What are verrucae (warts)? |
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Definition
-caused by papilloma viruses and transmitted by direct contact
-There are 4 types:
vulgaris-dorsum of the hand
plana-face or dorsum of the hand
plantaris/palmaris
condylomata acumiatum-venereal warts |
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Term
| What are three bullous disorders? |
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Definition
-Pemphigus
-bullous pemphigoid
-dermatitis herpetiformis |
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Term
| Describe pemphigus and its two types. |
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Definition
-autoimmune disorder
-30-60 y.o.
-vulgaris; more common, affects oral mucosa, scalp, face axilla, groin, trunk, and pressure points; fatal if untreated
-foliaceus: rare and benign, affect face , scalp, and upper trunk |
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Term
| Describe bullous pemphigoid. |
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Definition
-autoimmune
-elderly
-skin and mucosa
-do not rupture easily
-may heal without scarring (0 infection) |
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Term
| WHat is dermatitis herpetifomis? |
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Definition
-Rare
-occurs in men
-associated with celiac disease
-lesions found on extensor surfaces, elbows, knees, upper back and buttocks |
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Term
| Name and describe the benign tumors of the skin. |
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Definition
Seborrheic keratoses-affect trunk; paraneoplastic; coin-like plaques; mimic melanoma
sebaceous adenoma-affect head and neck; marks internal malignancy
actinic keratosis-premalignant lesion; d/t sun exposure; may undergo malignant transformation |
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Term
| There are 2 malignant epidermal tumors not involving melanocytes, describe them. |
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Definition
-squamous cell carcinoma-most common of sun exposed skin; HPV may be involved; well-demarcated, red and scaling; prone to ulceration; leukoplakia.
-basal cell carcinoma; common; pearly papules; ulcerate-rodent ulcers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Melanocytic nevi are benign, common nevus |
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Term
| What are dysplastic nevi? |
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Definition
-can be sporadic or familial
-sporadic has low risk of malignancy
-familial is precursor for melanoma
-hundreds of irregular macules |
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Term
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Definition
-common neoplasm
-lighter skin at more risk
-can be black, brown, red-blue or gray
-Watch for change of color
-extends horizontally
-Breslow thickness: determines metastasis
-Signs: mole enlargement
itching/pain of mole
new lesion in adult life
irregular borders
variegation of color |
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