Term
| Panthalassa was the name Wegener chose to describe |
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Term
| According to Wegner, Pangaea began breaking up during the |
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| What evidence found in tropical regions of southern Africa and South America most strongly supports the theory that the continents were once joined? |
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| Which theory is most directly supported by the discovery of rocks similar in age and type in the areas shaded on the map? |
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Term
| Which of the following was used as evidence for the theory of continental drift? |
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Definition
| Similarity in continental drift? |
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Term
| As rock moves away from a mid-ocean ridge, it is replaced by: |
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Definition
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Term
| What discovery did scientists make in the 1940s when they comared continental drift? |
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Definition
| The rocks at spreading centers were younger. |
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Term
| Paleomagnetism of the ocean floor is used to idfentify the |
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Definition
| Approximate time the rock cooled and hardened. |
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Term
Seafloor spreading occurs at which of the following plate boundaries?
a. divergent
b. transform
c. convergent
d. subduction |
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Definition
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Term
| The earth's layer of solid rock that flows under pressure is called the: |
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The theory of plate tectonics is most directly based on which of the following interactions?
a. continental plates moving over oceanic plates
b. the Panthalassa plate being subducted under the Pangaea plate
c. microplate terranes moving over magma
d. lithospheric plates riding on the asthenosphere |
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Definition
| d. lithospheric plates riding on the asthenosphere |
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Term
| The transfer of heat through the movement of heated fluid material in the earth's crust is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| When friction prevents the rocks on either side of a fault from moving past each other, the fault is said to be: |
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Which of the following best describes aftershocks?
a. a series of small tremors occuring after a major earthqueake
b. seismic waves that cannot travel through liquids
c. areas along a fault where slippage and fracturing first occur
d. giant ocean waves that originate at a fault zone |
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Definition
| a. a series of small tremors occuring after a major earthquake |
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Term
| Most earthquakes occur along or near the edges of the: |
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Definition
| Earth's lithospheric plates |
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Term
| In which major earthquake zone are earthquakes produced mainly by plates moving away from each other? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where did the most widely-felt series of earthquakes in the Unidted States occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| To determine how far away from a seismograph station an earthquake occured, scientists plot the difference in arrival times between |
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Definition
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Term
| An earthquake with a magnitude of 6.5 is classified as a: |
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Definition
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Term
| The magnitude of an earthquake is a direct measure of: |
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Definition
| How much energy it releases |
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Definition
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Which of the following is used to sometimes predict earthquakes?
a. magnitudes of past earthquakes
b. the direction in which surface waves travel
c. changes in the speed of tsunamis
d. slight tilting of the ground |
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Definition
| d. slight tilting of the ground |
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Term
| Environmental conditions during the Mezoic Era especially favored the survival of: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following isotopes is most appropriate for dating a sample that is between 8000 and 20000 years old? |
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Definition
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Term
| Elements that emit atomic particles and energy are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| THe most accurate method of finding the absolute age of rock is by: |
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Definition
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Term
| An isotope has an atomic number of 29 and a mass of 63. How many neutrons does each atom of the isotope have? |
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Definition
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Term
| An isotope has a mass number of 83 and an atomic number of 36. How many electrons does each atom of the isotope have? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tar seeps are formed by thick deposits of: |
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Definition
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Term
| The ordered arrangement of rock layer is called the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Shields are large areas of exposed rock of what era or time period? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Devonian period is also known as the Age of: |
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Definition
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Term
The fossil record indicates that which of the following thrived during the Paleozoic Era?
a. reptiles
b. advanced forms of marine life
c. mammals
d. marine algae and bacteria |
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Definition
| b. advanced forms of marine life |
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Term
| About how many million years ago did the Paleozoic Era begin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which geologic era is represented by the table above? |
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Definition
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Term
| During which era did mammals become the predominant life form? |
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Definition
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Definition
Red
Orange
Yellow
Yellow-White
Blue
Blue-White
Purple ? |
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Term
| The color of a star in category O in the table above would most likely be: |
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Definition
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Term
| A star in a cateogry G in the table above would most likely be: |
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Definition
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Term
| A device for separating light into different colors is known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Starlight passing through a device for separating light produces a display of colors and lines called a(n) |
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Definition
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Term
| An apparent change in the wavelenghth of light emitted by a light source moving toward or away from an onserver is known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| A star moving toward the earth would display a: |
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Definition
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Term
| The apparent change in the position of an object resulting from a change in the angle or in the position from which it is viewed is called: |
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Definition
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Term
How far is the sun from the earth?
(in light-minutes) |
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Definition
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Term
| A star that experiences regular changes in brightness over time is called a: |
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Definition
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Term
A star with which of the following apparent magnitudes would appear the brightest?
a. 10
b. 5
c. 1
d. -5 |
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Definition
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Term
| The apparent magnitude of a star is a measure of its |
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Definition
| brightness as it appears from the earth. |
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Term
| What stage of stellar evolution is the sun experiencing at the time? |
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Definition
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Term
| A plot of surface temperatures of stars against their absolute magnitude is called |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following stages is the earliest in the development of a star?
a. neutron star
b. protostar
c. dark nebula
d. giant |
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Definition
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Term
| Nuclear fusion begins when temperatures within a protostat reach over: |
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Definition
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Term
| The process in which smaller atomic nuclei combine into larger atomic nuclei is known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of a star maintains a stable size because the energy from fusion balances the force of gravity? |
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Definition
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Term
| The earth is the only planet in the solar system that has: |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a terrestrial planet?
a. Pluto
b. Uranus
c. Mars
d. Jupiter |
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Definition
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Term
| Olympus Moon is a large volcano on: |
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Definition
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Term
| The bands on Jupiter are caused by: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following are hypothesized to originate in the Oort cloud? |
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Definition
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Term
| A body that orbits a larger body is called a: |
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Definition
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Term
| The outer layer of dust and small rock fragments on the moon is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| According to giant impact hypothesis of the moon's origin, the moon was once part of: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference in minutes, in the rising time of the moon in each day? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the visible portion of the moon is increasing, the moon is: |
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Definition
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Term
| When only a small part of the moon is visible, the moon may be in its: |
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Definition
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Term
| Approximately how many days does it take the moon to go through a complete cycle of phases? |
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Definition
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Term
| The changing shapes of the moon, as viewed from the earth, are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the calendar currently used in the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a moon of Jupiter?
a. Io
b. Titan
c. Oberon
d. Triton |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a moon of Pluto?
a. Charon
b. Ariel
c. Ganymede
d. Titan |
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Definition
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