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Final Review
Vocabulary and Information
26
Chemistry
12th Grade
01/17/2008

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Term
Chemistry
Definition
The study of matter and the changes it undergoes.
Term
Matter
Definition
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Term
Mass
Definition
A measure of the quantity of matter in a substance.
Term
Physical Property
Definition
A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing its identity.
Term
Physical Change
Definition
A change in a substance that does not involve the change in its identity.
Term
Solid
Definition
Matter that has a definite volume and definite shape.
Term
Liquid
Definition
Matter that has definite volume and an indefinite shape.
Term
Gas
Definition
Matter that has indefinite shape and volume.
Term
Chemical Property
Definition
Relates to the reactivity of a substance or a substances ability that undergoes changes into different substances.
Term
Pure Substance
Definition
A chemical that has a fixed composition throughout. You can't physically separate it.
Term
Precision
Definition
A measure of how close measurements are to one another.
Term
Accuracy
Definition
A measure of how close the measurement is to the true or accepted value.
Term
Density
Definition
D=M/V
A measure of how the amount of mass an object contains in a given amount of volume.
Term
Atomic Number
Definition
Identification number of an element.
How many protons and electrons are in an atom.
Term
Mass Number
Definition
Tells the mass number of an atom in a.m.u.
Sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Term
Isotopes
Definition
Different numbers of neutrons.
Term
Period
Definition
Horizontal row of elements on the periodic table of elements.
Term
Group
Definition
A vertical row of elements on the periodic table of elements.
Term
Avogadro's Number
Definition
6.02 x 10^23
Term
Law of Conservation of Mass
Definition
Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Term
Frequency
Definition
How many wave-cycles are completed per second. Measured in hertz (Hz).
Term
Quantum
Definition
Smallest amount of energy an object can absorb or release.
Term
Photon
Definition
A quantum of energy in the form of light.
Term
Orbital Shapes
Definition
S=sphere
P=kissing pears
D=cloverleaf
Term
Speed of Light/ Equation
Definition
C= "lamda" (v)
C= speed of light (3 x 10^8 m/s)
"lamda" = wavelength
v = frequency
Term
Hunds Rule
Definition
for orbitals of equal energy orbital must be equally filled.
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