Shared Flashcard Set

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Final review
quizzes + midterm
92
Health Care
Undergraduate 3
12/12/2014

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
beneficience
Definition
performance of good acts
Term
critical thinking
Definition
purposeful, self regulatory judgement resulting in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and interference
Term
ethics
Definition
system or code of conduct and morals advocated by a particular individual or group
Term
law
Definition
a body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority that have binding legal force
Term
negligence
Definition
an unintentional tort resulting from actions not intended to do harm
Term
nonmaleficence
Definition
avoidance of evil
Term
risk management
Definition
system for identifying, analyzing, and evaluating risks and selecting the most advantageous method for treating them
Term
values
Definition
quality or standard that is desirable or worthy of esteem in itself
Term
lawsuits involving imaging professionals are most frequently brought under when type of law
Definition
tort
Term
how does negligence occur
Definition
there is a duty, a breach of that duty, injury, and causation
Term
the tort falls under which division of the law
Definition
civil
Term
incident reporting
Definition
a valuable risk management tool that allows the hospital to immediately investigate the circumstances of the incident and institute corrective action to prevent similar future occurrences
Term
what are the types of torts
Definition
assault, battery, false imprisonment, defamation, negligence, lack of informed consent, and breach of patient confidentiality
Term
advance directive
Definition
a predetermined choice made to inform others of the ways in which the patient wishes to be treated while incompetent
Term
assault
Definition
a deliberate act wherein one person threatens to harm another without consent and the victim feels the attacker has the ability to carry out the threat
Term
autonomy
Definition
the concept that patients are to be treated as individuals and informed about procedures to facilitate appropriate decisions
Term
battery
Definition
touching to which the victim has not consented
Term
confidentiality
Definition
the duty owed by healthcare providers to protect the privacy of patient information
Term
defamation
Definition
the making of a false statement to a third party that is harmful to another's reputation
Term
informed consent
Definition
the written assent of a patient to receive a proposed treatment
Term
patients have the right know
Definition
if they are being treated by students, residents, or other trainees
Term
examples of unintentional torts
Definition
negligence, failure to obtain informed consent, breach of patient confidentiality (medical malpractice)
Term
rules for using restraints
Definition
necessary, least intrusive, regular reassessment, discontinued ASAPracticable
Term
slander
Definition
verbal defamation
Term
libel
Definition
written defamation
Term
patients have the right to refuse treatment even
Definition
if it brings about death
Term
medical care for people over 65
Definition
medicare
Term
list the 5 stages of grief in order
Definition
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
Term
when a student performs a repeat radiograph
Definition
they must be supervised
Term
when an educational program deny's a students rights what must be done
Definition
a formal notice of a hearing where the student may answer charges
Term
imaging professionals must be covered by insurers liability policy for
Definition
defense and indemnification
Term
what is the only for of life-sustaining treatment that is provided routinely without the consent of the patient and is generally initiated without an order of a physician
Definition
CPR
Term
bilingual family members
Definition
should not be relied upon to act as interpreters
Term
hostile work environment sexual harassment
Definition
harassment unreasonably interferes with the employees work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment
Term
quid pro quo sexual harassment
Definition
initial or continued employment or advancement depends on sexual conduct
Term
quality improvement programs seek to
Definition
anticipate problems and improve the environment before problems arise
Term
what does the radiologist assistant do
Definition
leading role in patient management and assessment by determining if a patient is appropriately prepped for a procedure, obtaining patient consent prior to an exam, and answering patient questions
Term
simple consent
Definition
when a patient verbally, or by action, agree to have a procedure performed
Term
how to fix a mistake in a chart
Definition
line, correction, sign, date, explain
Term
how long are medical images stored
Definition
5-7 years
Term
examples of intentional torts
Definition
assault, battery, false imprisonment, and defamation
Term
what color ink do you use when writing in a patients chart
Definition
black ink
Term
when was x-rays discovered
Definition
nov. 8th, 1895
Term
what are the three aspects of physical science that helped pave the way for the discovery of x-rays
Definition
electricity, vacuums, and image recording materials
Term
what are the three aspects of evaluation of performance
Definition
affective, psychomotor, and cognitive
Term
how many CE units to rad techs need every 2 years
Definition
24
Term
URI
Definition
upper respiratory infection
Term
UTI
Definition
urinary tract infection
Term
distortion
Definition
misrepresentation of the size or shape of the object as recorded in the radiographic image
Term
grid
Definition
device that is place between the patient and the image receptor that absorbs scatter radiation that is exiting the body
Term
focal spot
Definition
the area of the anode in the x-ray tube from which x-rays emanate
Term
MRI
Definition
cross-sectional views of the body to be made without the use of ionizing radiation
Term
nuclear medicine
Definition
radioactive materials are used
Term
what type of contrast would you use if a perforated stomach of intestine is suspected
Definition
iodinated
Term
bone studies require at least how many views
Definition
2, at right angles of each other
Term
esophagram studies are used to visualize what
Definition
tumors, constrictions, and spasms
Term
why are small bowel follow through's performed
Definition
the evaluate an obstruction
Term
intravenous urography studies help to visualize what
Definition
stones in the urinary system and evaluate kidney function
Term
the most common joints involved in an arthrogram
Definition
shoulder and knee
Term
at what site to do you inject for a myelogram
Definition
spine
Term
what percent of the image on the film is made by light of the intesifying screens while the remaining percentage of the image is made directly by the x-rays
Definition
95%
Term
what is the force and the factor that determines the penetrating ability of the radiation
Definition
voltage
Term
what happens to the amount of radiation the patient receives as mAs increases
Definition
it increases
Term
what are the densities in the body from least dense to most dense
Definition
air, fat, muscle, bone
Term
how does thickness of a body part affect radiation absorption
Definition
the thicker the body part, the greater the radiation absorption
Term
how is milliamperage related to the amount of radiation produced
Definition
the greater the milliamperage, the greater the amount of radiation produced
Term
what happens to radiation dose at twice the distance
Definition
radiation is reduced by 1/4th
Term
what percentage of scatter or secondary radiation does a grid absorb
Definition
90%
Term
how can magnification be reduced
Definition
by increasing SID
Term
what is the greatest factor encountered that affects detail in medical imaging
Definition
patient motion
Term
the law of Bergonie and Tribondeau
Definition
radiation exposure is more critical to infant patients
Term
what can cause a person to be placed in protective isolation
Definition
burns
Term
if there is any question that an item is not sterile
Definition
then that item is considered to be unsteril
Term
respondeat superior
Definition
let the master answer
Term
negligence can be defined as
Definition
a breach or a failure to fulfill and expected standard of care
Term
what is the federal agency that is concerned with safety in the workplace, primarily that surrounding radiation-emitting materials and equipment
Definition
OSHA
Term
what are the 3 revenue-producing departments in the hospital
Definition
radiology, pharmacy, laboratory
Term
what percent of radiography procedures are chest x-rays
Definition
30%
Term
what is the major cause of excessive radiation
Definition
repeat exposure due to positioning errors
Term
background radiation
Definition
cosmic, terrestrial, radionuclide deposits
Term
man-made radiation
Definition
fallout from nuclear weapons testing, medical and dental x-ray exposures
Term
Rem
Definition
the unit that measures biologic effects of x, alpha, beta, and gamma radiation in humans
Term
what is the limit of exposure to workers every year
Definition
5 Rem
Term
what is the total permissible dose to a pregnant women
Definition
.5 Rem
Term
photoelectric effect
Definition
when photon interactions occur with low energy photons
Term
when are cells most sensitive to ionizing radiation
Definition
when they are rapidly dividing
Term
what is the most radiosensitive cell
Definition
lymphocytes
Term
how does scattered radiation affect the film
Definition
it impairs the diagnostic quality
Term
how much can exposure be reduced when the testes have been shielded
Definition
95%
Term
what is the minimum amount of lead in shielding devices
Definition
.25
Term
what is the minimum total filtration required for the primary x-ray beam
Definition
2.5 mm of aluminum
Term
how long should the cord on a mobile radiographic machine be
Definition
6 feet
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