Term
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Definition
Microscopic-internal structures of individual cells and histology
Gross-Macroscopic anatomy-large structures and features |
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Term
| Levels of organization (6) |
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Definition
Molecular
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organism |
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Term
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Definition
| the regulation of the bodies internal environment |
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Term
| functions of living organisms (5) |
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Definition
movement
growth and differentiation
reproduction
response to environment
metabolism |
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Term
cervicis
prone
carpus
thoracis
supine |
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Definition
neck
lying face down
wrist
thorax or chest
lying face up |
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Term
pelvis
abdomen
cranium
femur
umbilicus
oris |
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Definition
pelvic
abdominal
skull
thigh
navel
mouth |
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Term
patella
lumbus
mentis
crus
pubis
axilla
tarsus |
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Definition
knee cap
loin
chin
leg
pubic
armpit
ankle |
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Term
gluteus
brachium
oculus
antebrachuim
auris
calcaneus |
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Definition
buttock
arm
eye
forearm
ear
heel |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
right hydroponic epigastiric left hydroponic
right lumbar region umbillical region left lumbar
right iguinal hypogastric left iguinal |
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Term
anterior posterior
ventral dorsal
proximal distal
superior inferior
medial lateral
superficial deep
caudal cranial |
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Definition
front back
belly side back side
towards base away from base
above below
towards middle away from middle
close to surface further from the the surface
the tail the head |
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Term
transverse plane
frontal plane
sagittal plane |
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Definition
horizontal cross section
splits into front and back sections
splits into right and left sides |
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Term
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Definition
provides protection allows movement and linning prevents friction
divided by the diaphragm
cavities contain viscera |
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Term
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Definition
surrounded by the chest wall and diaphragm
pericardial contains trachea esophagus and major vessels-surround the heart
visceral peri- the layer covering the heart
parietal peri- the opposing surface |
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Term
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Definition
right surrounds the right lung left surrounds left lung
visceral ple covers the surface of the lung
pariteal ple covers the mediastinal surface of the inner body wall |
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Term
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Definition
abdominal-peritoneal cavity and abdominal cavity
digestive organs (liver stomach spleen small intestine and most of large intestine)
visceral pariton-covers enclosed organs
parietal pariton-lines the inner surface of body wall
mesentaires
Pelvic-urinary bladder, repro organs and last of digestive tract |
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Term
| functions of integumentary system |
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Definition
permeability
protection
sensory
thermoregualtion
excretion
synthesize vitamin D3 |
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Term
cutaneous membrane
layers |
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Definition
epidermis
dermis
hyodermis |
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Term
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Definition
cells take 2-4 weeks to move to surface
skin color-
hemoglobin-cyanosis-blue
carotene-orange-too many carrots
billyruben-yellow, jaundice
melanin-determins skin color |
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Term
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Definition
germinativum-stm cells,melanocytes,merkel cells, replaces lost cells
spinosum-stretchs cells
granulosum-keratin cells-waterproofs skin
lucidum- layer found only in thick skin
corneum-outermost dead cells |
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Term
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Definition
papillary layer-capillaries sensory neurons, keeps layers together
reticular layer- dense irregular connective tissue
lines of cleavage- connective tissue bundles |
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Term
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Definition
stabalizes energy storage padding
adipose cells |
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Term
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Definition
oily substances, lubrication and antibacterial
sebum-waxy/oily secretion
folicles have no hairs |
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Term
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Definition
apocrine-secret ino hair follucles
found in axillas, nipples groin (pheromones)
Merocrine- numerous
throughtout most of the bodys surface
secrete water electrolytes thin secretion |
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Term
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Definition
found in both sexes
produce milk under hormone stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
produce cerumen in ear canals
-wax- |
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Term
| functions of skeletal system |
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Definition
support
storage
protection
blood cell production
movement |
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Term
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Definition
compact-dense shaft of bones
osteons blood canal and layers of lamanella with lakes of lacunea
contains marrow
yellow-fat
red-blood cell production |
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Term
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Definition
ends of bone
no osteons
has trabeculae-struts
handles stess from multiple directions |
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Term
| functions of muscle tissue |
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Definition
movement
maintain posture
support soft tissue
maintain temp
gaurd orifices |
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Term
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Definition
blended fibers of CT tissue
muscle to bone
parallel strands of dense regualr CT |
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Term
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Definition
specialized tendon
flattened sheet that can cover a muscle |
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Term
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Definition
synaptic terminal-terminal button end of a motor neuron-neuro transmitters
synapse-a neuron meeting a muscle
motor endplate- the muscle cell inside of the neuromuscular junction. |
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Term
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Definition
short duration
whiter in color |
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Term
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Definition
longer duration
red in color due to more |
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Term
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Definition
brain and spinal cord
integration coordination procession memory
starts as a hollow tube |
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Term
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Definition
nervous tissues not the spine and brain
afferent-incoming-sensory
efferent-outgoing-motor |
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Term
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Definition
18 inches long
central canal contains cerbrial spinal fluid
two grooves:
posterior median sulcus
anterior median fissure
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Term
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Definition
dorsal-sensory
ventral-motor
each enters at intervertebral foramen
merge to form the nerve
ends in the cauda equine |
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Term
| functions of the urinary system |
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Definition
regualtes K,Na,Cl,Cl
regulates blood volume
regualtes pH
conserves nutrients
eliminates nitrogenous waster
synthesis hormones |
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Term
| proximal convoluted tubule |
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Definition
85% of water reabsorbtion
90% NaCl reabsorbtion
sugar reabsorbtion
non adjustable |
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Term
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Definition
descending limb-permeable to water
ascending limb-imperbiable to water |
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Term
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Definition
crosses renal corpuscle
active secretion of acids ions and others
selective reabsorbtion of Na
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Term
kindney blood supple
really sweet iguanas are always great even perfect |
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Definition
| renal art-segmental art-interlobar art-arcuate art-afferent art- glomerulus-efferent art-peritubular caps (vasa recta) |
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Term
| dartos and cremaster muscle |
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Definition
D wrinkles skin depending on temp
C deep to dermis for temp regulation
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Term
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Definition
60% of semen volume
produce fructose
make spermatozoa motile |
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Term
| the elbow is ____ to the wrist |
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Definition
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Term
| anatomical term that refers to the lower back |
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Definition
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Term
| when you decrease the angle of a joint |
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Definition
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Term
| A hole in a bone for blood vessels or nerves is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| The frontal bone contains which of the following? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is found in the sphenoid bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which ribs are classified as true ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
| The vertebrae are fused into a single structure in this region |
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Definition
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Term
| The largest portion of the sternum is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Moving an appendage toward the midline of the body is called |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following muscles adducts and rotates the humerus? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following muscles would turn the eye toward the nose?
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Definition
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Term
Which forms the middle muscle layer of the abdominal wall?
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following rotates the arm laterally? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following flexes the forearm at the elbow and does not cross the shoulder joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following bends the wrist on the thumb side? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following muscles abducts the hip? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following sympathetic ganglia is found at the baseof the celiac trunk? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following autonomic receptors is found in the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which division of the Autonomic Nervous System has short postganglionic fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Receptors that detect temperature changes are classified as |
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Definition
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Term
| The pit on the retina that contains only cones is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscles that control the shapeof the lens are found in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Prssure waves in the tympanic duct cause this structure to bulge in order to relieve pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the secondary brain vesicles gives rise to the thalamus? |
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Definition
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Term
| The primary motor cortex is found in the |
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Definition
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Term
| The auditory cortex is found in the ____________ lobe |
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Definition
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Term
| The dentate gyrus is part of what system in the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT part of the mesencephalon |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following synthesizes hormones that control the pituitary gland? |
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Definition
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Term
| Purkinje cells are found in which brain region? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following white cells have granules that pick up a red stain and increase in numbers in allergies |
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Definition
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Term
| The valve that prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscle thickenings in the wall of the ventricle are called the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The T wave on an ECG represents |
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Definition
| repolorization of the ventricals |
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Term
| The deep vein that runs down the lateral side of the arm and forearm is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following arteries provides blood to the ascending colon? |
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Definition
| superior mesentaric artery |
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Term
| Which of the following vessels is a vein that supplies bloodto the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Immature red blood cells that may be released in an anemic patient are called |
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Definition
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Term
| The deep vein that runs along the femur is called the |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following sphincters controls the passage of material from the small intestine to the large intestine? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the shortest portion of the small intestine?
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Definition
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Term
| Folds in the small intestine wall are called |
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Definition
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Term
| Which lobe of the liver is closest to the stomach |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following carries deoxygenated blood TO the liver |
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Definition
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Term
Which of these hormones causes pigmentproduction in the skin?
)
B)
C)
) |
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Definition
| melanocyte stimulating hormone |
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Term
| Which gland releases epinephrine |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following hormones causes calcium absorption in the intestine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following hormones acts on osteoblasts to reduce blood calcium? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following hormones is responsible for female secondary sex characteristics? |
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Definition
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Term
| The largest cartilage of the larynx is the |
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Definition
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Term
| The opening through the vocalfolds is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following aids in exhalation |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is the correct name for the duct that drains lymph from the left arm? |
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Definition
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Term
| The portion of the pharynx closest to the larynx is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cranial nerve controls the tongue muscles |
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Definition
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Term
| which caranial nerve makes you smile |
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Definition
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