Term
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Definition
| The DAT (direct anti-globulin test) detects the presence of red cells that have been coated with IgG antibodies or complement in vivo. |
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Term
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Definition
| The IAT (indirect anti-globulin test) detects free antibody that can bind to the patient’s red cells that are present in serum in vitro. |
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Term
| What is Mixed Field Reactivity |
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Definition
| Mixed Field Reactivity is agglutination due to the presence of two different cell populations |
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Term
| what are two possible causes of mixed field reactivity? |
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Definition
| Mixed Field Reactivity is agglutination due to the presence of two different cell populations. Two causes of Mixed Field Reactivity are ABO antibodies which lyse the red cells, leaving an inadequate amount of cells to test or transfusion reactions in which the donor red cells are sensitized with complement or antibody which make up less of the red cells than the patient’s cells. |
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Term
| List two of the three possible reaction mediums? |
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Definition
| Two possible reaction mediums are PEG (polyeythlene glycol) and LISS (low ionic strength solution). |
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Term
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Definition
| LISS is an enhancement media used to decrease the zeta potential in order to allow for agglutination. LISS stands for low ionic strength solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreasing the zeta potential increases the reactivity of the antibody present by bringing the red cells closer together (decreasing the zeta potential). |
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Term
5.
Why should coombs control cells (check cells) be used after negative AHG tests? |
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Definition
| Coombs control cells (check cells) should be used after negative AHG tests in order to accurately assure that AHG has not been neutralized. |
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Term
| Why should coombs control cells be positive? |
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Definition
| They should be positive because they are O+ red cells with IgG antibodies attached to them, they should agglutinate in the presence of Anti-Human Globulin (IgG) serum. |
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Term
| Discuss the principle of the IAT |
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Definition
| : the IAT detects the presence of red cells that have been coated with IgG antibodies or complement from the patient’s serum in vitro by testing the patients serum against group O blood with known antigenic composition |
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Term
| Discuss the principle of the DAT |
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Definition
| The DAT detects the presence of red cells that have been coated with IgG antibodies or complement in vivo by using AHG to agglutinate red cells which have antibody attached. |
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Term
| Discuss the purpose of the DAT |
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Definition
| The purpose of the DAT is to detect the presence of red cells that have been coated with IgG antibodies or complement in vivo due to HDN, auto antibodies, drugs, and AHA or transfusion reactions |
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