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| Name the stages of crisis |
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Definition
1. Stressor: person is exposed to a stressor, experiences anxiety, and treis to cope. 2. Increased Anxiety: anxiety increases when coping skills are ineffective. 3. Efforts Fail 4. Disquilibrium: occurs when coping attempts fail and person experiences distress. |
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Definition
or developmental crisis. These are predictable events in the normal course of life; ie leaving home for the first time, getting married, etc. |
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| Are unanticipated or sudden events that threaten the individuals integrity, such as a death of a loved one, loss of a job, and physical or emotional illness. |
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| or social crisis. Includes natural disasters, war, terrorist attacks, riots, violent crimes. |
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Term
| Aguilera's balancing factors: |
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Definition
- Individual's perception of stressor
- Support System
- Previous coping skills
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Term
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Definition
4-6 weeks. Self-limiting. At the end of that time, the crisis is resolved in one of three ways. First two: the person either returns to his or her precrisis level of functioning or begins to function at a higher level. The third stage is that the person's functioning stabilizes at a lower level than precrisis functioning (a negative outcome) |
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| are designed to assess the person's health status and promote problem solving, such as offering the person new information, knowledge, or meaning; raising the person's self-awareness by providing feedback about the person's behavior by offering suggestions and courses of action. |
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| Aim at dealing with the person's needs for empathetic understanding, such as encouraging the person to identify and discuss feelings, serving as a sounding board for the person, and affirming the person's self worth. |
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| Inability to recognize or name objects despite intact sensory abilities |
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Definition
| Deterioration of language function |
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Definition
| Impaired ability to execute motor functions despite intact motor abilities. |
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Term
| Abstract vs. Concrete Thinking |
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Definition
Abstract is the ability to make associations or interpretations about a situation or comment. Concrete thinking is when the client continually gives literal translations; abstraction is diminished or absent. |
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Definition
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| Clients maya make up answers to fill in memory gaps; usually associated with organic brain problems. |
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| A syndrome that involves a disturbance of consciousness accompanied by a change in cognition. |
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Definition
| A mental disorder that involves multiple cognitive deficits, initially involving memory impairment with progressive deterioration that includes all cognitive functioning. |
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Definition
| The ability to think abstractly and to plan, initiate, sequence, monitor, and stop complex behavior. |
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Definition
Includes judgement, insight, memory and intellect. 3 key aspects are: |
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Definition
| includes orientation, registration, attn/calc., memory, language |
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Definition
| A severe form of depression resulting from a progressive brain disorder in which cognitive changes mimic those of dementia |
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Definition
| Thinking about or relating personally significant past experiences in a purposeful manner to benefit the client. |
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Term
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Definition
The term "sundowning" refers to people who become increasingly confused at the end of the day and into the night. Sundowning isn't a disease, but a symptom that often occurs in people with dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease. The cause isn't known. But factors that may aggravate late-day confusion include: - Fatigue
- Low lighting
- Increased shadows
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Term
| Wernicke-Korsakoff’s syndrome |
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Definition
| Wernicke's encephalopathy is a degenerative brain disorder caused by the lack of thiamine (vitamin B1). It may result from alcohol abuse, dietary deficiencies, prolonged vomiting, eating disorders, or the effects of chemotherapy. Symptoms include mental confusion, vision impairment, stupor, coma, hypothermia, hypotension, and ataxia. |
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Term
Delirium vs. Dementia Onset:Duration:Level of Consciousness |
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Definition
Delirium: Rapid Onset Brief Duration (hours to days) Level of consciousness is impaired, fluctuates. Dementia: Gradual/insidious onset Duration is a progressive deterioration Level of consciousness is not affected |
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Term
Delirium vs. Dementia Speech:Thought Process: Perception: Mood |
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Definition
Delirium - Speech: Slurred or rambling, pressured, irrelevant
- Thought Processes are temporarily disorganized
- Perception: Visual or tactile hallucinations, delusions
- Mood: Anxious, fearful if hallucinating, weeping, irritable
Dementia - Speech: normal in early stage, progressive aphasia in later stage
- Thought Process: Impaired thinking, eventual loss of thinking abilities
- Perception: Often absent, but can have paranoia, hallucinations, illusions
- Mood: Depressed and anxious in early stage, labile mood, restless pacing, angry outbursts in later stages
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Term
Major causes of delirium and dementia: Many things cause both when untreated.
Disorders that can lead to delirium and/or dementia: |
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Definition
- Medication reactions or overdose
- Hypoxic states
- Blood chemistry alterations
- Metabolic disorders
- Toxic/infectious states
- Sensory deprivation
- Repeated head trauma, tumors
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| Specific diseases that cause dementia: |
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Definition
- Alzheimer’s disease (#1 cause)
- Vascular dementia
- Parkinson’s
- HIV
- Normal pressure hydrocephalus (reversible)
- Huntington’s
- Pick’s
- Prion diseases, Creutzfeldt-Jakob, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
- Syphilis
- Wernicke-Korsakoff’s
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