Term
Postharvest Diseases
Cottony rot
Ascomycete |
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Definition
Caused by: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Ascomycete
Ergot |
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Definition
| Caused By: Claviceps purpurea |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Deuteromycete
Aflatoxin |
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Definition
| Produced by: Aspergillus flavus |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Deuteromycete
Blue and Green molds |
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Definition
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Zygomycete
Zygomycete molds |
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Definition
| Choenophora, Rhizopus, Mucor |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Fire Blight of Apples and Pears |
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Definition
| Caused By: Erwinia Amylovora |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Bacterial soft spot |
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Definition
| Caused By: Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Symptoms |
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Definition
- Soft rots due to tissue maceration, especially Erwinia carotovora
- In the case of Ergot, hard sclerotium that replaces the seed
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Signs
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Definition
| Copius, distinctively-colored mycelium |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Signs
Sclerotinia |
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Definition
| White-colored mycelium with "rat-turd" sclerotia |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Signs
Claviceps |
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Definition
| conspicuous black, horn-like sclerotia |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Signs
Penicillium |
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Definition
| Usually green or blue colored mycelium |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Signs
Zygomycete molds |
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Definition
| rank, translucent mycelium with black sporangia |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Signs
Erwinia carotovora |
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Definition
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Special Features
Claviceps spp. |
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Definition
| are deadly poison, hallucinogenic (LSD and other alkaloids) |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Special Features
Aspergillus flavus |
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Definition
| produces aflatoxin, a deadly carcinogen |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Special Features
Erwinia carotovora |
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Definition
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Pathogen Life Cycles
Host ranges |
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Definition
- Claviceps spp. restricted to grasses; causes most problems with open pollen ones, such as ryegrass (or in copper-deficient soils)
- All other infect many, many stored products (very wide host ranges)
Aspergillus flavus-- is especially serious in peanuts, corn under special conditions
Choanephora-- is common on withering floral parts |
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Pathogen Life Cycles
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
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Definition
- Most aggressive under cool weather
- Compare and contrast features
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Pathogen Life Cycles
Claviceps |
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Definition
- Produces sclerotia from which perithecia are produced
- Primary inoculum by ascospores
- Secondary inoculum by conidia vectored by tiny flies (Diptera)
- Problems amplified by: Cool weather (postpones pollination) High moisture (facilitates secondary cycles)
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Term
Postharvest Diseases
Pathogen Life Cycles
Aspergillus flavus |
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Definition
- Abetted by factors that interfere with ripening
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