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-responsible for the founding of the International Red Cross movement in 1863
-After returning from war, he had to idea that a neutral organization should exist to provide care to wounded soldiers
-wrote book about it which spread across the countries and the idea became a reality |
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-ethic of kindness, benevolence, and sympathy extended universally and impartially to all human beings
-described as the acceptance of every human being for plainly just being another human |
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-concerns itself with groups rather than individuals
-no knowledge of bacteriology, used quarantine and waste removal
-tracks the idea of public goods in economics, namely those non-excludable goods that cannot be supplies to one unless they are also to given to another
-invokes an analogous concept for public bads where harm is inflicted on others without their consent. EX: communicable disease and pollution |
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- 1995, government concerns itself with the health of individuals in addition to the health of populations. EX: anti-smoking campaigns
-concerned with action
-seeks to put health in the development framework to ensure that health is protected in public policy
-relies on science not moral reform, has knowledge of bacteriology and pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
-social determinants of health
-health is a human right, government must protect that
-PEPFAR
-public is drawn in, public is educated and responsible for their health and others health
-EX: brush teeth, wear helmets and seat belts, vaccines |
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-legal recognition of rights makes it impossible to stay within bounds of biomedicine, social determinants of health must be addressed, recognition of rights is subversive of privilege
-key step is to ensure that public policy moves quickly to acknowledge and repair health disparities
-predict resistance to policies
-some people don't practice their health or don't have access to it, Public Health 3.0 tries to figure out how the gov./law can help this |
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| "health is an investment, not a cost" |
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Definition
-discovery made by the World Bank in 1993
-good health increases the economic productivity of individuals and the economic growth rate of countries
-ones means of accelerating development
-health expenditures in developing countries should not be regarded as costs, but as investments that will pay dividends in time
-World Bank is now the world's largest international financier of health |
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Term
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Definition
-largest private foundation in the world
-aims to enhance healthcare and reduce extreme poverty
-has an endowment of $36.2 billion in sept. 2013
-non profit so it's tax free- US citizens give up taxes on endowed philanthropies that work in the public interest
-contributes $800 million annually to global health causes
-finances the benefits of University medical research and uses it in 3rd world countries
-run by a business logic, bang for a buck |
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Term
| Grand challenges in global health |
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Definition
-based on the model of David Hilbert's 23 proposals to mathematicians in 1900
-14 of them in the grand program that launched in 2003
-began with award of 45 grants totaling $458 million to scientists from 33 countries |
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Term
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Definition
-period of social activism and political reform in the US from the 1890's to 1920's
-strongly supported scientific methods as applied to economics, government, industry, finance, medicine, schooling, theology, education, and even the family
-many supported prohibition in order to destroy the political power of local bosses based in saloons
-A second theme was achieving efficiency in every sector by identifying old ways that needed modernizing, and emphasizing scientific, medical and engineering solutions |
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Term
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Definition
-key component of human rights
-the right to respect and ethical treatment of others
-heath is a human right |
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Term
| "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." |
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Definition
| -the definition of health in the constitution of the World Health Organization |
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Definition
-antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a the combination of at least 3 of these drugs to maximally suppress the HIV virus and stop the progression of HIV disease
-Huge reductions have been seen in rates of death and suffering when use is made of a potent ARV regimen
-original plan of PEPFAR was to provide ART to 2 million HIV infected people in African nations to prevent 7 million new infections and care for 10 million people by 2010 |
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Term
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Definition
-AIDS coalition to unleash power
-international direct action advocacy group working to impact the lives of people with AIDS and the AIDS pandemic to bring about legislation, medical research and treatment and policies to ultimately bring an end to the disease
-formed in 1987 at the Lesbian and Gay Community Services Center
-3 occurrences between 1987 and 1989 where members infiltrated wall street to demand better access to AIDS drugs or lower the price of approved drugs |
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Term
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Definition
-President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief
-commitment of $15 billion over 5 years (2003-2008) from President George W Bush to fight the global HIV/AIDS pandemic
-renewed in 2008 and now funded at $48 billion through 2013
-CIA has redefined global AIDS epidemic as a national security threat to US
-Colin Powell lobbied hard for assistance to Africa and funds flow through US Dept of State |
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Term
| "A mutually faithful monogamous relationship in the context of marriage is the expected standard of all human sexual activity" |
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Definition
-quote from Bush
-argument made by US faith-based organizations
-PEPFAR controversy over requirements that 1/3 of the funds be spend on abstinence programs and that ending prostitution be an explicit goal |
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Term
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Definition
-cost of polio vaccinations
-13 cents??
-funded by gates foundation and FC Barcelona
-inexpensive enough to vaccinate all children in effected countries and completely eradicate the disease |
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Term
| "Polio anywhere is a threat everywhere." |
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Definition
-quote from Bill Gates
-foundation partnered with FC Barcelona in an effort to eradicate polio now because the disease can easily come back with vengeance
-currently at 99% eradication
-attempting to get vaccine to ALL children in the countries that polio still remains |
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Term
| Cuba as a reservoir of YF |
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Definition
-YF appearing in US in area of a big Cuba port
-US invades Cuba in 1898 in a 3 month war motivated by desire to expunge YF
-(also reason the Puerto Rico and Phillipeans fell into US control)
-mosquito wiped out in 2 years along with YF in Cuba
-US leaves in 1902 and Cuba becomes independent country |
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Term
| social determinants of health |
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Definition
-making healthy choices isn't enough, disease occurs in individual bodies but originates partly in societal arrangements
-genes & biology, health behaviors, medical care, total ecology, social/societal characteristics
-phrase means recognizing the rols of class, gender, race, education, and citizenship in determining who falls ill and who stays healthy |
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