Term
Transitional Rebellion:
Definition |
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Definition
A rebellion where rebel groups are able to push their rebellion outside the boarders of the country where it began.
Ex.
- Iran's support of the Kurdish rebels in Iraq before the Iran-Iraq War.
- US support for the Contra guerrillas in Nicaragua during the Contra War. |
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Term
Transitional Rebellion:
Explain how it is related to weak states, rival states, & refugee camps. |
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Definition
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Term
Transitional Rebellion:
Explain how it impacts civil war bargaining, duration, & severity. |
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Definition
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Term
Transitional Rebellion:
Explain how it affects the likelihood of interstate conflict. |
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Definition
It makes interstate conflict more likely.
If State A supports Group B, which is attacking State C, State C may be more willing to attack State A in order to sever Group B's support. |
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Term
Insurgency Model of Civil War:
What does it examine? |
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Definition
Examines 2 factors: rough terrain & state capacity (administration capability not military).
Rough Terrain: mountainous, forested, rural, etc. = more difficult for gov't to govern.
State Capacity: ability to fund a quality police force & fire department, collect taxes, etc.
- The key to state capacity is to be able to communicate with the average citizen. |
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Term
| Insurgency Model of Civil War: Grievance Discrimination Model |
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Definition
| Systematic Discrimination Ex. - Kurds in Iraq under Saddam. |
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Term
Insurgency Model of Civil War:
Insurgency Model |
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Definition
Analyzes the ability of an organization to remain active and fund itself.
Looks at rebel groups not the gov't.
Opportunity in this case is more important than grievances
- Thats not to say grievances don't play a role, they just aren't as important as opportunity. |
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Term
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Definition
Confrontations where one state (the defender) threatens the use of force against another state (the attacker) in an attempt to prevent the attacker from using force against an ally (the protege state).
Ex.
- US protection of China from Japan before WWII. |
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Term
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Definition
Adversarial relationship but not active.
Maintained through arms races (buildups?), alliances, and long-term interests and statements. |
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Term
Offensive & Defensive Alliances:
Offensive Alliance |
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Definition
If State A goes to war with State B, State C will join on the side of State A to support the attack.
Largely considered an irrelevant alliance today because it encourages potential threats to attack before the alliance gains too much power.
More likely to lead to war than a defensive alliance. |
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Term
Offensive & Defensive Alliances:
Defensive Alliance |
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Definition
If State A goes to war with State B, State C will join on the side of State B to defend against the attacker.
The most relevant and numerous alliance in the world today because it does not encourage international hostility.
Less likely to lead to war than an offensive alliance. |
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Term
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Definition
A rapid military buildup in which one state increases its military capability in response to another state's investment in their own military capability.
In contrast to a "normal" military buildup which is fluid but slower in its increases in technology and capability. |
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Term
| Punctuated Equilibrium Model of Rivalry Dynamics |
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Definition
Long periods of stasis between states until a sudden shock (potentially an MID) that reignites the conflict.
Rapid change may occur at the time of shock.
- Perhaps leadership change, territorial gains/losses, etc.
After the shock and change, long periods of stasis proceed again.
____/\____/\____ <--- How it would look id the line represented hostility in the dyad. |
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Term
| The Peacekeeping-Peacemaking Dilemma |
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Definition
| The idea that peacekeeping and helping to temporarily stop fighting between combatants actually hinders the peacemaking process. |
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Term
| How does external sponsorship of rebellions affect civilian targeting during civil wars? |
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Definition
| (Class notes) & (Solyon, Sirocky, & Wood 2014) |
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Term
Nuclear Deterrence Arguments:
Nuclear Revolution Perspective |
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Definition
Argus that nuclear weapon have revolutionized international politics and that in doing so stability has been introduced to the system.
The cost of war between nuclear states is much to great, therefore, war should not break out between nuclear states.
- (Mutually Assured Destruction) (MAD)
A realist perspective.
Criticism: it has the least amount of empirical evidence to support it of the 3 arguments. |
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Term
Nuclear Deterrence Arguments:
Risk Manipulation Perspective |
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Definition
Argues that nuclear weapons lead to a shift in how states behave, but does not lead to peace.
- MAD only prevents nuclear war.
MIDs are still likely and are not affected by nuclear capability.
Ex.
- 1999 Pakistani-Indian War |
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Term
Nuclear Deterrence Arguments:
Nuclear Irrelevance Perspective |
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Definition
Argues that nuclear weapons are completely irrelevant to creating international peace and stability.
This is because decreased amounts of conventional warfare are caused by the high costs of conventional warfare (John Mueller).
This is because of the absence of issues that are most likely to lead to war, not because of nuclear capability (John Vasquez). |
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