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Final Exam (lecture)
Nerves
56
Biology
Undergraduate 1
06/26/2013

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Term
cerebrovascular accident
Definition
destruction of the brain tissue from rupture of blood vessels that supply the brain.
Term
Somatic Nervous System
Definition
consisting of somatic sensory neurons and somatic motor neurons
Term
Parkinson Disease
Definition
decreased production of dopamine
Term
reticular formation
Definition
sm. groups of neuronal cell bodies scattered among bundles of axons
Term
dementia
Definition
general loss of intellectual abilities
Term
basal ganglia
Definition
a group  linked to the thalamus of the brain & involved in coor. of movement
Term
sympathetic nervous system
Definition
orig. in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord
Term
hemiplegia
Definition
paralysis of the upper limb, trunk, & lower limbs on one side of the body
Term
ruffini's corpuscles
Definition
a sensory receptor embedded in the dermis & detect the stretching of the skin
Term
pacinian corpuscles
Definition
oval shaped pressure receptor located in the dermis or subcutaneous tiussue
Term
merkel's discs
Definition
saucer shaped free nerve endings that make conatct w/ merkel cells in the epidermis & functions as a touch receptor
Term
weight of brain
Definition
3 lbs
Term
motor: afferent or efferent?
Definition
efferent
Term
breathing & heartbeat?
Definition
medulla oblongata
Term
comm. of central hemisphere
Definition
corpus callosum
Term
lobes of the brain
Definition
 
  • parietal
  • frontal
  • temporal
  • occipital
Term
Somatic n.s. acts on which type of muscle?
Definition
skeletal m.
Term
flight or fight
Definition
Activattion of the sympathetic division & release of hormones by the adrenal medullae set in motion a series of physiologicial responses collectively
Term
Where is the center of consciousness & intelligence?
Definition
cerebrum
Term
brain stem is made up of what parts
Definition
  • medulla oblongata
  • pons
  • midbrain
Term
how does csf pass through from the 3rd to the 4th ventricle?
Definition
choroid plexus
Term
what is the medulla oblongata responsible for?
Definition
breathing & blood pressure./ controlling heart rate
Term
what is the hypothalmus responsible for?
Definition
emotions/ autonomic n.s.
Term
cerebrum
Definition
the ability to read, write, and speak
Term
central sulcus
Definition
sep. the frontal lobe and parietal lobe
Term
concussion
Definition
traumatic injury to the brain
Term
broca's area
Definition
motor area that translates thoughts into speech
Term
longitudinal fissure
Definition
the largest and deepest groove between the medial surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres
Term
Limbic system
Definition
a part of the forebrain cincerned w/ various aspects of emotion & behavior
Term
hypothalamus
Definition
a portion of the diencephalon, lying beneath the thalamus & forming the floor & part of the wall of the 3rd ventricle
Term
cerebellum
Definition
the part of the brain ;ying postierior to the medulla oblongata & pons: governs balance & coord. skill movements
Term

Transient Ischemic Attack

(TIA)

Definition
an episode ot temp. cerebral disfunction caused by impaired bllod flow to part of the brain
Term
cerebral palsy
Definition
a motor disorder that results in the loss of muscle control and coordination
Term
laceration
Definition
a tear of the brain
Term
phantom limb pain
Definition
a limb that still experiences itching, pressure, tingling, or pain as if the limb was still there.
Term
nociceptors
Definition
a free (naked) nerve ending that detects painful stimuli
Term
precentral gyrus
Definition
gyrus of cerebral cortex located immed. anterior to central sulcus
Term
mechanoreceptors
Definition
detect mecahnical deformation of the receptor itself or adjacent cells
Term
photoreceptors
Definition
detects light shining in the retina of the eye
Term
chemoreceptors
Definition
detects the presence of a specific chemical
Term
thermoreceptors
Definition
detects changes in temp.
Term
hair root plexus
Definition
a network of dendrites arranged around the root of a hair as free or naked nerve endings that are stimulted when a shaft is moved
Term
monoplegia
Definition
paralysis restricted to on limb or region of body
Term
parietal lobe
Definition
paried lobes of the brain at the top of the head
Term
temporal lobe
Definition
paired lobes ofthe brain lying beneath the temples
Term
frontal lobes
Definition
paried lobes of the brain lying immed. behind forehead
Term
occipital lobe
Definition
rearmost lobe of the brain
Term
facial nerve
Definition
a mixed cranial nerve that axons extend from the taste buds of anterior 2/3 of the tongue. #7
Term
hypoglossaL NERVE
Definition
a motor cranial nerve. orog. in medulla oblongata. #12
Term
olfactory nerve
Definition
contains axons that conduct nerve impulses for olfaction, the sense of smell. #1
Term
optic nerve
Definition
contains axons that conduct nerve impulses for vision. # 2
Term
vagus nerve
Definition
a mixed cranial nerve that is distributed from the head & neck into the thorax and abdomen. #10
Term
trigeminal nerve
Definition
a mixed cranial nerve & the largest of the cranial nerves. #5
Term
diplegia
Definition
paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body
Term
meissner's corpuscle
Definition
a sensory receptors for touch
Term
quadriplegia
Definition
paralysis of four limbs: two upper & two lower
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