Term
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Definition
| Boundary between unlike air masses (Blue Line) |
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Term
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Definition
| Displaces warm air, Steep uplift causes cumulonimbus clouds & heavy precipitation (Red Line) |
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Term
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Definition
| Move above cold air mass, Relatively gentle slopes, Produces stratus clouds, Light precipitation |
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Term
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Definition
| Cold front overtakes warm front (Purple line) |
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Term
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Definition
| Unlike air masses remain side by side with neither intruding upon other, Neither toward cold air or warm air (Red & Blue Lines) |
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Term
| Type of Precipitation with Cold Front |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of Precipitation with Warm Front |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Dry (cT) air meets moist (mT) air from Gulf of Mexico, Often generate thunderstorms |
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Term
| Stages of Midlatitude Cyclone |
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Definition
| Formation, Development of Cyclonic Flow, Mature Stage, Occlusion: Beginning of End, Decay of Cyclone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Development of Cyclonic Flow |
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Definition
| Warm air advances poleward & forms warm front, Cold air moves toward equator & forms cold front, Low pressure in crest of wave, Air begins counter-clockwise circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure surrounding drops, Winds strengthen, Frontal weather develops, Convergence associated with low pressure leads to cloud formation |
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Term
| Occlusion: Beginning of the End |
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Definition
| Cold air advances faster, Cold air overtakes warm air, Occluded front forms |
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Term
| How do midlatitude cyclones travel in northern hemisphere? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Linear structural depression, extends laterally over a distance while being less steep than a trench |
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Term
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Definition
| Geological feature consisting of mountain chain/hills that form continuous elevated crest for some distance |
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Term
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Definition
| Warm, humid air that rises in unstable environment; cumulonimbus clouds, mT air masses, short-lived, produce severe weather |
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Term
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Definition
| High winds, hail, flash floods & tornadoes, Remain active for hours, Caused by uneven heating, frontal lifting & diverging winds |
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Term
| Three stages of airmass thunderstorm |
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Definition
| Cumulus, Mature, Dissipating |
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Term
| Cumulus Stage (Airmass thunderstorm) |
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Definition
| Cumulonimbus tower develops as water vapor moves from surface to greater heights, Unstable atmosphere & vertical updrafts keep precipitation suspended |
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Term
| Mature Stage (Airmass thunderstorm) |
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Definition
| Most intense, Heavy rain & small hail, Organized updrafts & downdrafts |
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Term
| Dissipating stage (Airmass thunderstorm) |
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Definition
| Dominated by downdrafts, Weakening updrafts & loss of fuel source after 15-30min |
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Term
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Definition
| Produce extremely dangerous weather, Consist of single powerful cell that extends to heights of 20km |
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Term
| Mesoscale Convective Complex |
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Definition
| Consists of individual thunderstorms, Large oval, Slow-moving complex thats up to 12 hours |
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Term
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Definition
| Negative charge near bottom of cloud is large enough to overcome air's resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| Discharge of electricity, Transfer of positive ions from warmer hailstones to colder ice crystals |
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Term
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Definition
| Charge differences of storm & ground, Rapid heating of air creates explosive shock wave |
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Term
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Definition
| Large-scale electrical discharges that occur high above thunderstorm |
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Term
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Definition
| Violent windstorms with rapidly rotating column of air or vortex |
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Term
| % of Cloud to ground lightning |
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Definition
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Term
| % of Cloud to cloud lightning |
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Definition
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Term
| State with most thunderstorms & tornadoes |
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Definition
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Term
| 1st observable step of tornado |
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Definition
| Slow horizontal rotation of large segment of cloud |
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Term
| North America's susceptibility to tornadoes |
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Definition
| Latitudinal position, Topography, Landscape permits contrasting air masses |
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Term
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Definition
| Great Plains: Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska |
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Term
| Months tornadoes most frequent |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Tornado intensity, Damage inflicted on human-built structures & vegetation |
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Term
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Definition
| Tornadoes are possible & favorable conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| Actually sighted, Imminent danger |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures motion & speed of wind |
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Term
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Definition
| Cyclones, Typhoons, Cyclones, Typhoons |
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Term
| When do hurricanes receive official name |
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Definition
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Term
| Minimal wind speeds of hurricane |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Establish intensities of hurricanes based on pressure, winds, storm surge |
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Term
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Definition
| Ripples in trade wind pattern |
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Term
| Where do hurricanes develop? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Disorganized clusters of thunderstorms, Weak pressure gradients |
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Term
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Definition
| One closed isobar is present |
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Term
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Definition
| Wind speeds of 39mph, given name |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Rise in water level induced by hurricane |
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Term
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Definition
| Descending air, light wind, clear skies |
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Term
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Definition
| Fast winds, heavy precipitation, vigorous tall/deep clouds |
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Term
| Hurricane water temperature |
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Definition
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Term
| Hurricane season in Australia |
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Definition
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Term
| Hurricane season in NW Pacific |
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Definition
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Term
| Hurricanes gain most energy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Global positioning system measures pressure, humidity, wind speed, temp, direction of hurricane |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Issued 36 hours of anticipated tropical storm |
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Term
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Definition
| Lon-term statistical properties of atmosphere for area |
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Term
| Koppen scheme classifying climates |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Tropical Climates, Dry, Mild Midlatitude, Severe Midlatitude, Polar |
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Term
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Definition
| Subtropical deserts, Subtropical steppes, Midlatitude deserts, Midlatitude steppes |
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Term
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Definition
| Monthly mean temp & precipitation, Simultaneously plotted line & bar graphs |
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Term
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Definition
| Permanently frozen layer below surface, Found in Tundras |
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Term
| Pacific high effects U.S. |
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Definition
| High frequency of rain days, Cold ocean current influence with mild summers & winters, Often has fog/low cloud cover |
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Term
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Definition
| Rise in avg temp of Earth's atmosphere & oceans |
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Term
| Effects of Global Warming |
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Definition
| Greenhouse effect, Warmer climates, Frequent hurricanes, Major shifts in agricultural areas, Rise in sea levels |
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Term
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Definition
| CO2 (50%), Chlorofluorocarbons (25%), Methane (15%), Nitrous Oxide (5%) |
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Term
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Definition
| Oceanic processes, Variations in solar radiation, Plate tectonics & volcanic eruptions |
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Term
| Relationship between CO2 and global warming |
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Definition
| More CO2, Greater Global temp |
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Term
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Definition
| Changes in angle that Earth's axis makes with plane of its orbit causes variations in seasonal temp |
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Term
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Definition
| Wobbling of Earth's axis over 26,000yrs due to seasonal temp contrasts |
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Term
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Definition
| Variations in shape of Earth's orbit cause differences between aphelion & perihelion which causes different amounts of solar energy |
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Term
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Definition
| 38 industrialized countries agreed to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases 1990 levels |
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