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Final Exam
Biology Final Exam Cards
54
Biology
Graduate
11/14/2011

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
Study of Structures within an organism
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Maintaining internal environment, systems work together
Term
Epithelial tissue
Definition
Cells fit tightly together, covers outside of body, lines digestive, respiratory, excretory and reproductive tract
Term
Physiology
Definition
Study of function
Term
Types of Epithelial tissue
Definition
Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified
Endothelium
Glands
Exocrine gland
Term
Exocrine Gland
Definition
Epithelial tissue that secretes through ducts directly into epithelial space, sweat glands
Term
Endothelium
Definition
Epithelial Tissue lines blood and lymph vessels, goblet cells secrete mucus
Term
Endocrine glands
Definition
Ductless glands, hormones released directly into interstitial tissue or blood
Term
Pseudostratified
Definition
Epithelial tissue, appears layered Ex. Bronchial Tubes have Pseudostratified
Term
Stratified
Definition
Epithelial Tissues, have 2 or more layers of protection
Term
Mucous Membrane
Definition
Lines body cavity that opens to the outside of body, digestive, respitory and urinary
Term
Serous Membrand
Definition
Lines cavities that do not open to outside of body (abdominal and thracic cavity
Term
Connective Tissue
Definition
Supports and cushion body organs
Term
Loose Connective Tissue
Definition
Most common type of tissue in body, fills body space, wraps nerves and vessels
Term
Dense connective tissue
Definition
Tissue that connects dermis of skin, strong, forms tendons in muscle to bone and ligaments (bone to bone)
Term
Fibroblast
Definition
Type of connective tissue that produces carbohydrates and proteins
Term
Macrophage
Definition
Wandering phagocytic cell cleans up cell debris
Term
Elastic Fibers
Definition
Connective tissue that forms networks, an example is in the lungs (they stretch and move)
Term
Reticular
Definition
Type of fibers that branch, join tissue, an example is in the liver
Term
Adipose
Definition
Tissue that cushions, provides energy, (fat tissue)
Term
Cartilage
Definition
Tissue that supports skeleton, and the nose end of bones.
Term
Chondrocyte
Definition
Cartilage Cell
Term
Bone Tissue
Definition
Strong, light, made of calcium salts
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
Bone Cells
Term
Circulation Tissue
Definition
Tissue made up of blood and Lymph nodes
Term
Red Blood Cells
Definition
Cells responsible for carrying gasses and hemoglobin
Term
White Blood Cells
Definition
Cells responsible for defending the body, platelets help with clotting, plasma transports proteins, hormones and nutrients.
Term
Neutrophils
Definition
Type of white blood cells that make up 60-70% of wbc.
Term
Lyphocytes
Definition
Type of white blood cells that make up 30-40% of cell cound
Term
Muscular
Definition
System made up of over 700 different types of tissue, responsible for movement.
Term
Skeletal
Definition
System responsible for movement, support and production of bone marrow (white blood cells)
Term
Endoskeletal
Definition
System that is made up of chordates
Term
Axial System
Definition
Within the skeletal system, the skull, spine and ribs make up this system.
Term
Appendicular System
Definition
Skeletal System componant that is made up of limbs and bones that attach
Term
Exoskeletal
Definition
Skeletal System made up of top lifeless shell
Term
Hydrostatic Skeletal System
Definition
Skeletal System of the invertebrates, fluid filling provides shape.
Term
Neuromuscular Junction
Definition
Place where muscle tissue recieves stimulation by contraction.
Term
Myosin and Actin
Definition
Protein that makes up muscle fibers.
Term
Cardiac, Skeletal, Smooth
Definition
Three types of muscle tissue
Term
Cardiac
Definition
Muscle tissue made up of the heart. Involuntary
Term
Skeletal
Definition
Muscle tissue that attaches to the bone, movement, voluntary
Term
Smooth
Definition
Muscle tissue in the intestines, organs... involuntary movement
Term
Nervous System
Definition
System responsible for transmitting impulses
Term
Neurons
Definition
Responsible for transmiting and receiving impulses
Term
Axons
Definition
Neurons that transmit
Term
Dendrite
Definition
Receive transmissions
Term
Synapse
Definition
Responsible for the communication between nerves
Term
Glial
Definition
Nerve cell used for support and nourishment of the nervous tissue
Term
Integumentary System
Definition
Skin, hair and nails, function in protection, regulation and sensory.
Term
Epithelial Coverings
Definition
Covers all external and internal surfaces, adapts to enviromnment, and specializes in gas exchange and excretion
Term
Urinary
Definition
System that romoves waste from blood
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Body's attempt to maintain a balanced internal environment
Term
Ectothermic
Definition
Body Temperature determined by enviromental temperature
Term
Endothermic
Definition
When an organism maintains body temperature by metabolism (mammals, insects, some fish... etc.)
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