what is the name of the combining form that means white?

leuk/o

prefix

The word part attached at the beginning of a word that usually, but not always, indicates location, time, number, or status.

suffix

The word part attached at the end of a word that usually, but not always, indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease.

root word

The word parts that usually, but not always, indicate the part of the body involved.

laceration

a torn, ragged wound

rrhage

bleeding

rrhaphy

surgical suturing

rrhea

flow or discharge

rrhexis

rupture

-ostomy

surgical creation of an artificial opening

myorrhexis

rupture of a muscle

ilium

hip bone

(ili/o)

body planes

vertical plane

sagittal plane

midsagittal plane

frontal plane

horizontal plane

transverse plane

vertical plane

up-and-down plane that is at a right angle to the horizon.

sagittal plane

vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions

midsagittal plane

also known as the midline, is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves

frontal plane

vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions. Also known as the coronal plane, it is located at right angles to the sagittal plane

horizontal plane

a flat, crosswise plane, such as the horizon.

transverse plane

a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

dysplasia

abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs

adenomalacia

abnormal softening of a gland

red bone marrow

plays an important role in the formation of blood cells, is located within spongy bone.

yellow bone marrow

functions as a fat storage area; it is composed chiefly of fat cells and is located in the medullary cavity of long bones.

arthroplasty

surgical repair or replacement of a joint

arthrolysis

surgical procedure to reduce an ankylosed joint

osteorrhaphy

suturing or wiring of bones together

osteomyelitis

inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone

chondroplasty

surgical repair of damaged cartilage

spina bifida

congenital defect where the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord

costochondritis

inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum

oblique

name of a muscle that is slanted or at an angle

dorsiflexion

movement of the foot upwards towards the head

smooth muscle

type of muscle that forms the walls of the bladder 

ton/o

tension; tone; stretching

carpal tunnel syndrome

condition in which there is an entrapment of the median nerve across the wrist

torticollis

capillaries

smallest blood vessels in the body

bradycardia

abnormally slow resting heart rate

systolic pressure

name of the highest pressure against the artery walls

hemoglobin

iron-containing molecule on red blood cells (erythrocytes) that transports oxygen

leukopenia

less than normal number of leukocytes in the blood

plasma

part of the immune system that produces antibodies specific to each invading antigen

myocardial infarction

medical term for heart attack

septicemia

blood poisoning

embolus

a moving clot in the blood

crohn's disease

autoimmune condition that affects the digestive system

immunodeficiency disorder

condition in which the immune system is weakened, reduced, or absent

spleen

has a major hemolytic function, destroying old or damaged RBCs

metastasize

describes cancer as it spreads

-ectasis

stretch

pharyngotomy

surgical incision into the pharynx

cheyne-stokes respiration

irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea

aphonia

inability to produce normal speech sounds

oropharynx

Structure that functions to carry air and food

Visceral pleura

Layer that is closest to the lung tissue

Chronic bronchitis

Condition in which the airway becomes inflamed and thickened and there is an increase in the production and size of mucus-producing cells

natural immunity

Immunity when a patient is exposed and recovers

anthracosis

Condition known as black lung

hiatal hernia

condition in which the stomach protrudes upwards into the chest through an opening in the diaphragm

sigmoid colon

the last part of the colon, located proximal to the rectum

ileum

last and longest portion of the small intestine

volvulus

the intestine twists on itself and causes an obstruction

proctopexy

surgical fixation of the rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ

anastomosis

surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures

liver

structure which secretes bile

bruxism

involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth

cholecystalgia

pain in the gallbladder

Pyelonephritis

inflammation of both the renal pelvis and kidney

nocturia

excessive urination at night

Hyperproteinuria

high concentration of protein in the urine

Epispadias

a congenital abnormality of the urethral opening

nephrolithiasis

presence of stones in the kidney

sciatic nerve

inflammation of this nerve can cause pain through the thigh or leg

cerebrum

controls the highest level of thought

parkinson's disease

condition in which there is a deficiency in dopamine

brainstem

contains the medulla, midbrain, and pons

convergence

simultaneous inward movement of the eyes

eustachian tube

helps maintain atmospheric pressure in the ear

fovea centralis

structure that allows for color vision

Ménière’s disease

patient suffers from attacks of vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, and ringing in the ears (tinnitus)

myopia

(nearsightedness)

light focuses in front of the retina

glaucoma

patient loses peripheral vision as a result of increase intraocular pressure

dacry/o

tears or the glands which produce tears

Otopyorrhea

Pus in the ear

Ecchymosis

Medical term for bruise

Pediculosis capitis

Infestation of head lice

Melanocyte-stimulating

Hormone that increases pigmentation of the skin

somatotropic hormone

known as growth hormone, regulates growth of bone, muscle and other body tissue.

acromegaly

too much growth hormone is produced after puberty

type 1 diabetes

autoimmune insulin deficiency which causes the destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells

myxedema

extreme deficiency of thyroid secretion which results in periorbital and pretibial edema

Testosterone

Hormone that stimulates the development of male secondary sexual characteristics

wheal

a condition in which there is raised, red, itchy skin, and often appears as a result of an allergic reaction

graves' disease

autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism, and characterized by a goiter and exophthalmos

pituitary gland

the master gland that controls the function of other endocrine glands

fimbriae

finger like projections that cause the ovum to travel into the fallopian tubes 

eclampsia

condition of pregnancy characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma

amenorrhea

an abnormal absence of menstrual period for 3 months or more

dysmenorrhea

difficult and painful monthly flow

endocervicitis

inflammation of the cervix lining

mastopexy

surgical procedure to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position

diastolic

low number in blood pressure

pericardiocentesis

drawing fluid from the pericardial sac

scabies

infestation of itchy mites

malignant melanoma

melanocytes turn into this type of cancer

genital warts

STD caused by HPV

aneurysm

an abnormal balling of an artery

quadriplegia

paralysis of all four extremities

thrombus

a stationary blood clot

type II diabetes

condition caused by insulin resistant disorder

empyema

accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity

lordosis

spine condition known as swayback

multiparous

a woman who has given birth two or more times

hallux valgus

term for bunion

debridement

procedure for the removal of dirt, damaged tissue, and cellular debris

iatrogenic illness

unfavorable response to a prescribed medical treatment

placenta previa

abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus

nosocomial infection

hospital acquired infection

lumbago

low back pain

presbycusis

hearing loss associated with the aging process

psoriasis

characterized by red papules covered in silver scales on the knees, elbows, and sometimes the buttocks

cataract

a loss of transparency of the lens of the eye

avascular necrosis

death of a bone tissue

juandice

condition in which there is a greater than normal amount of bilirubin in the blood

malignant

spreading, progressively worse, and life threatening

hemoptysis

spitting blood or blood-stained sputum

cardiomegaly

enlargement of the heart

hematemesis

vomiting blood

periostitis

inflammation of tissue surrounding bone

borborygmus

the sound made as air and fecal material move through the intestines

arthrodesis

fusion of joint

viral

study of viruses

causalgia

persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve

blepharo

eyelid

arachnoid

having to do with spiders

-esthesia

sensation ; feeling

hydrocephalus

condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates within the ventricles of the brain.

singultus

myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm.

aniso

unequal

syncope

the brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain.

kerato

horny ; hard ; cornea

adhesion

a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

verrucae

warts; small, hard skin lesions caused by the human papillomavirus.

tinea

a fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair, or nails; spreads out in a worm-like circle

nevus

mole; a small, dark skin growth that develops from melanocytes in the skin; usually benign

ventral

refers to the front, or belly side, of the organ or body; opposite of dorsal

dorsal

the back of the organ or body; opposite of ventral

anterior

situated in the front; opposite of posterior

posterior

situated in the back; opposite of anterior

superior

upward, above, or towards the head; opposite of inferior

inferior

lowermost, below, or towards the feet; opposite of superior

cephalic

toward the head; opposite of caudal

caudal

toward the lower part of the body; opposite of cephalic

proximal

situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure; opposite of distal

distal

situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure; opposite of proximal

medial

toward, or nearer, the midline; opposite of lateral

lateral

toward, or nearer, the side of the body, away from the midline; opposite of medial

bilateral

relating to, or having, two sides

cryptorchidism

undescended testicle