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Final Exam
Covers chapter 9, 10, & 11
80
Philosophy
Undergraduate 2
11/20/2013

Additional Philosophy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Rene Descartes
Definition
Who said that taste is a matter of intellect rather than emotion?
Term
Hobbs
Definition
Life in the state of nature is "nasty, brutish, and short" according to whom?
Term
Distributive justice
Definition
The fair arrangement of the goods, benefits, and responsibilities of a society is called what?
Term
Marx
Definition
"From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs" was said by whom?
Term
theocracy
Definition
What is the term that is defined, “The rule of God?”
Term
Communism
Definition
In the 1940s, China rebelled against its Confucian heritage and embraced what political stance?
Term
Aristocracy
Definition
Rule by the best qualified is called what?
Term
Adam Smith
Definition
The author of Wealth of Nations is who?
Term
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Definition
The author of Social Contract is who?
Term
Plutocracy
Definition
Government by the rich people is called what?
Term
Michelangelo
Definition
The artist who sculpted David was who?
Term
Aristotle
Definition
"Man is a social animal" according to whom?
Term
Aesthetics
Definition
The philosophy of art and beauty is called what?
Term
John Locke
Definition
According to Solomon the social contract was supported by whom?
Term
The Beautiful
Definition
According to Solomon, the ideals of philosophy are: the True, the Good, and what else?
Term
Plato
Definition
Beauty is ultimate reality according to whom?
Term
Botticelli
Definition
The Birth of Venus was painted by whom?
Term
Sophocles
Definition
Oedipus Rex was written by whom?
Term
Aristotle
Definition
Which philosopher did Freud favor when formulating his theory?
Term
Democracy
Definition
Rule by the majority is called what?
Term
Plato
Definition
Poets should banned because they do not tell the truth, according to what philosopher?
Term
John Locke
Definition
Protection of private property was a major reason for forming a society according to whom?
Term
Confucius
Definition
Music appreciation is conducive to virtue according to whom?
Term
Hume
Definition
Taste (regarding art and beauty) is subjective according to whom?
Term
Nietzsche
Definition
Who said that aesthetic values should replace moral ones, or "one should live one's life as a work of art?"
Term
Hair brooch
Definition
In Oedipus Rex, the mother/wife of Oedipus killed herself with a what?
Term
Friedrich Schiller
Definition
Beauty is not a distraction from the seriousness of life but an inspiration to be a good citizen according to whom?
Term
Kant
Definition
Who is the author of the Categorical Imperative?
Term
Nietzsche
Definition
Who distinguished between the Apollonian and Dionysian sources of aesthetics?
Term
Arthur Schopenhauer
Definition
Art gives us deep insight into ourselves and allows us to reconcile ourselves with an ultimately irrational and unsatisfactory world according to whom?
Term
Ethnics
Definition
What field of philosophy is concerned with right and wrong behavior?
Term
Plato
Definition
Who wrote a political dialogue called the Republic?
Term
Socrates
Definition
Who was the teacher of Plato who said, "The unexamined life is not worth living?"
Term
Pascsl
Definition
Whose "wager" states that you have less to lose by believing in God than by not believing in God, so the most reasonable thing to do is to believe in God?
Term
Immanuel Kant, Arthur Schopenhauer, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel.
Definition
Be able to list the German idealists.
Term
Religion
Definition
The argument for God's existence that is based on the order and harmony in the world, suggested by William Paley is called what?
Term
Ontological
Definition
. Anselm's argument for God's existence that is based on logic and the understanding that God is the being "than which none greater can be conceived" is called what?
Term
Nietzsche
Definition
Who wrote Beyond God and Evil and said "God is dead?
Term
Epistemology
Definition
What branch of philosophy is concerned with the nature of knowledge?
Term
John Stuart Mill
Definition
Who said that ethics should be based on what produces the greatest good for the greatest number?
Term
cosmological
Definition
Which argument for God's existence did Aquinas advocate?
Term
Camus
Definition
What French existentialist told the story of the Myth of Sisyphus to illustrate his belief that life is absurd?
Term
Hume
Definition
Who said that causation is only a habit that we cannot dispense with?
Term
David Hume
Definition
Who wrote Dialogues on Natural Religion?
Term
Heraclitus
Definition
What Presocratic philosopher said that reality is like fire, always changing, in a constant state of flux?
Term
Leibniz
Definition
Who described reality in terms of "monads?"
Term
Rationalists
Definition
People who believe that some knowledge is based on reason alone are called what?
Term
Descartes
Definition
Who said, "Cogito ergo sum," proving that he existed because of his own thinking process?
Term
Plato
Definition
Who described reality in terms of two worlds, a world of Forms and a world of copies, illustrated by the Divided Line?
Term
Rousseau
Definition
Which philosopher was not a German Idealist?
Term
John Locke, bishop geroge Berkeley, david hume; John Stuart mill, Bertrand Russell
Definition
Be able to name all the British Empiricists.
Term
Rene Descartes, baruch Spinoza, Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, G.W.F. Hegel
Definition
Continental Rationalists
Term
Hartshorne
Definition
Who said that it is a "theological mistake" to think that God's perfection implies that God cannot change in any manner?
Term
pragmatic
Definition
The truth theory supported by William James was called what?
Term
Solipsism
Definition
The idea that only one's own mind exists is called what?
Term
Rene Descartes
Definition
Who said, "I am a thing that thinks?"
Term
Simone de beauvoir
Definition
What philosopher was the companion of Jean-Paul Sartre?
Term
Freud
Definition
No human action can ever be free or uncaused according to whom?
Term
Thomas Nagel
Definition
What philosopher pondered what it would be like to be a bat?
Term
Leibniz
Definition
Who solved the mind-body problem with "pre-established harmony?"
Term
Jean-Paul Sartre
Definition
Who wrote Being and Nothingness?
Term
Hume, Sartre, Hegel
Definition
The self is only an illusion according to whom?
Term
Compatibilism
Definition
Soft determinism is also known by what other name?
Term
Aristotle
Definition
"Man is by nature a social animal" and "whoever can live outside society is either a beast or a god," according to whom?
Term
Sartre
Definition
Denial of responsibility for one's self is called "bad faith" according to whom?
Term
Sartre
Definition
Who said we are "condemned to be free?"
Term
Kant
Definition
Who said "The only good thing is a good will?"
Term
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
Definition
Who wrote The Brothers Karamazov?
Term
Heisenberg?
Definition
The principle of physics that has to do with the random movements of electrons that has bearing on the discussion of determinism versus freedom was set forth by
Term
happiness
Definition
Aristotle believed that man's highest good is what?
Term
Hobbes
Definition
Who said that the good life is based on power?
Term
Nietzsche
Definition
Who wrote of master morality and slave morality?
Term
Ayn Rand
Definition
Who wrote that people should pursue their own interests in the book The Virtue of Selfishness?
Term
Aristotle
Definition
According to Solomon, who formulated the classic argument against hedonism?
Term
Soren Kierkegaard
Definition
"What I really lack is to be clear in my mind what I am to do" was said by whom?
Term
John Locke
Definition
Who based a good society on the idea of private property?
Term
Kant
Definition
One should always act in a way as to bring about a Kingdom of Ends according to whom?
Term
Jean Jacque Rousseau
Definition
What French philosopher wrote The Social Contract?
Term
Adam Smith
Definition
Who argued for capitalism in his book Wealth of Nations?
Term
John Rawl (liberalism)
Definition
"People are defined as selves by a strong set of natural rights" according to whom?
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