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| In humans, _____________ divide by meiosis to produce eggs and sperm. |
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| How many possible orientations are there if a cell has four chromosome pairs? |
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| Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occurs at |
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| After meiosis I, _______ cells are formed and after meiosis II, _____ cells result. |
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| All of the following are sources of genetic variety except |
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| Genetic recombination is possible because of ________ during or after meiosis. |
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| An organism reproduces either sexually or asexually, but not both. |
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| Duplication of DNA occurs: |
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| A ________ cell contains two versions of each chromosome. |
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| Which of these is not a unique feature of meiosis? |
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| During which stage do chromosomes line up in single file on the equatorial plane? |
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| Binary fission of prokaryotes is an example of sexual reproduction. |
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| In humans, how many different kinds of gametes can be produced due to independent assortment only? |
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| Both mitosis and meiosis start with a diploid cell, but the end result is haploid cells in meiosis and diploid cells in mitosis. |
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| Before the beginning of either meiosis or mitosis, the chromosomes have replicated during |
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| In humans, gametes are _______, while somatic cells are ________. |
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| An organism reproduces either sexually or asexually, but not both. |
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Definition
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| When does separation of homologous chromosomes occur? |
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Definition
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| What is the pairing of homologous chromosomes called |
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Definition
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| Which is incorrect about meiosis? |
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Definition
| Sister chromatids separate in anaphase I. |
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Term
| The alignment of homologous chromosomes with the exchange of genetic information between them is known as: |
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Definition
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| During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur? |
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Definition
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| Animals do which type of reproduction? |
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Definition
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| The purpose of meiosis I is: |
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Definition
| to seperate homologous chromosomes |
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| The diploid number of chromosomes in pea plants is 14. What is the haploid chromosome number? |
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| Which of the following represents a test cross? |
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| Mendel tested for heterozygotes by using: |
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| Humans who have lost one copy of a chromosome are called ____________ and generally do not survive development. |
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| Red-green colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. A woman with normal color vision, whose father was colorblind, mates with a colorblind man. What chance do each of their sons have of being colorblind? |
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| Genes for sex-linked traits tend to be carried on what chromosomes? |
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| Phenotype describes the actual alleles received from both parents. |
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| The ability to taste PTC is a dominant trait. If a heterozygote woman has a child with a man who is not a taster, what is the chance their child will be a taster? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does transcription take place in the cell? |
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Definition
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| Gregor Mendel's work was different from that of other researchers working on inheritance in his day because he alone: |
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Definition
| actually counted the numbers and types of offspring |
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Term
| Down syndrome in humans is due to: |
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Definition
| trisomy (3 copies of chromosome #21) |
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Term
| In the human ABO blood grouping, there are four basic blood types, type A, type B, type AB, and type O. The blood proteins A and B are: |
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| Mendel chose to work with garden pea plants because |
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| If several traits are affected by the same allele, the allele is said to be: |
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Definition
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Term
| Hemophilia is a group of different inherited blood-clotting disorders. Which is true about hemophilia? |
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Definition
| It is more common in males than it is females |
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Term
| There are 3 alleles that lead to the ABO blood types. How many alleles does an individual inherit from their parents? |
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Definition
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Term
| The condition that results from one allele affecting more than one trait is |
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Definition
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| What is the probability of getting a pea plant with recessive green seed color when two heterozygous pea plants, both having the dominant yellow-seeded phenotype, are crossed with each other? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the product of transcription? |
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Definition
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| In snapdragons, pink-flowered plants are produced when red-flowered plants are crossed with white-flowered plants. This type of inheritance can best be described as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Put the following terms in the correct order from start to finish. |
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Definition
| chromosome → gene → primary transcript → messenger RNA → polypeptide → protein |
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| Which of the following crosses represents a dihybrid cross? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the human ABO blood grouping, there are four basic blood types, type A, type B, type AB, and type O. The blood proteins A and B are: |
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Definition
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| Human height shows a continuous variation from the very short to the very tall. Height is most likely controlled by: |
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Definition
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| Tall is dominant to dwarf in pea plants. If two dwarf pea plants were crossed, their offspring will be: |
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Definition
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Term
| Mendel tested for heterozygotes by using: |
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Definition
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| All of the following are recessive traits in humans except: |
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Definition
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| Mendel's second law is often stated as genes located on different chromosomes are inherited independently of each other. |
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Definition
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Term
| How many carbon atoms does deoxyribose have? |
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| A plant species has its DNA analyzed. The results show that 28% of its nitrogen bases are guanine. What is the percent represented by thymine |
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| Which scientist's work first suggested that DNA had the shape of a helix? |
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| Based on which of the following pieces of evidence about the transforming agent did Avery conclude that DNA is the hereditary material? |
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Definition
| All of the choices are correct |
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| Which choice describes how the DNA molecule replicates? |
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Definition
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| Biochemist Erwin Chargaff found that in DNA there was a special relationship between individual bases that we now refer to as Chargaff's rule. His observation was that: |
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Definition
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| Genetic mutations are very common. |
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| Which scientists determined that DNA synthesis is semiconservative? |
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Definition
| Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl |
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Term
| The enzyme that joins the ends of newly synthesized segments of DNA after the primers have been removed is: |
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Definition
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| If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base sequence ATTGCAT, its complementary strand will have the sequence: |
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Definition
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Term
| Mutations are always inherited. |
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Definition
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| All of the following are correct about mutations except: |
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Definition
| A mutation in a somatic cell will be passed on to subsequent generations |
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Term
| The process when an individual gene moves from one place in the genome to another is called a: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of mutation will have the most evolutionary consequence? |
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Definition
| a mutation in a germ-line cell |
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Term
| In DNA, each chain in the helix is a complementary mirror image of the other |
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Definition
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Term
| Each nucleotide subunit of DNA consists of |
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Definition
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Term
| All of the following are correct about DNA replication except: |
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Definition
| Helicase is the enzyme which rewinds the DNA after replication is finished |
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Term
| Which scientists are credited for deducing the true structure of DNA? |
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Definition
| James Watson and Francis Crick |
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Term
| Which London surgeon noted in 1775 that chimney sweeps exhibited frequent cancer of the scrotum? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is correct about DNA replication? |
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Definition
| The place where the parent DNA becomes unzipped during DNA replication is called the replication fork. |
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| All of the following are correct about DNA replication except: |
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Definition
| DNA polymerase can only synthesize DNA in the 5' to 3' direction. |
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Definition
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Term
| The building blocks of DNA are called: |
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Definition
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| In DNA, each chain in the helix is a complementary mirror image of the other. |
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