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final exam
sociology
24
Sociology
12th Grade
04/02/2008

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
sociology
Definition
social science that studies human society and social behavior.
Term
social darwinism
Definition
perspective that holds that societies evolve toward stability and perfection
Term
culture
Definition
consists of all the shared products of human groups
Term
laws
Definition
written rules of conduct enacted and enforced by the government
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
the tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior
Term
cultural relativism
Definition
the belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards rather than by applying the standards of another culture
Term
subculture
Definition

groups with its own unique values, norms, and behaviors that exists within a larger culture

Term
counterculture
Definition
groups that rejects the values, norms, and practices of the larger society and replaces them with a new set of cultural patterns
Term
narcissism
Definition
extreme self centeredness
Term
ideology
Definition
system of beliefs or ideas that justifies the social, moral, religious, political, or economic interests held by a group or by society.
Term
diffusion
Definition
spreading culture traits from one society to another
Term
reciprocity
Definition
the idea that if you do something for someone, that person owes you something in return
Term
bureaucracy
Definition
ranked authority structure that operates according to specific rules and procedures
Term
socialization
Definition
interactive process through which people learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of a society
Term
adolescence
Definition

the period btw the normal onset of puberty and the beginning of adulthood

Term
mentor
Definition
someone who foster's an individuals development by believing in the person, sharing the person's dreams, and helping the person achieve those dreams
Term
stigma
Definition
mark of social disgrace that sets the deviant apart from the rest of society
Term
recidivism
Definition
the term for repeated criminal behavior
Term
social stratification
Definition
ranking of individuals or categories of people on the basis of unequal access to scarce resources and social rewards
Term
prestige
Definition
respect, honor, recognition, or courtesy an individual recieves from the other members of society
Term
power
Definition
the ability to control the behavior of others, with or without their consent
Term
social mobility
Definition
the movement btw or within social classes or status
Term
poverty
Definition
standard of living that is below the minimum level considered adequate by society
Term

lack of infrastructure, education, mental illness

Definition
factors of poverty
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