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Final Exam
Terms from crossword puzzle
57
Anthropology
Undergraduate 3
12/15/2011

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Explanations of misfortune based on the belief that certain individuals possess an innate, psychic power causing harm
Definition
witchcraft
Term
This human behavior varies from place to place as an element of culture
Definition
sexuality
Term
A preconceived attitude applied rigidly to an entire group
Definition
Prejudice
Term
A detailed description of a particular culture.
Definition
Ethnography
Term
______relativism is the thesis that one must suspend judgement of other people's ideas and practices to understand them in their own cultural terms.
Definition
Cultural Relativism
Term
The modern scientific study of all aspects of language
Definition
Linguistics
Term
Marriage outside of a particular group
Definition
Exogamy
Term
________ Characteristics such as height are determined by an interaction between the individual plant or animal's genes and the environment
Definition
Phenotype
Term
People who share this are able to interpret and predict each others behavior
Definition
Culture
Term
An___grade is an organized category of people based on age; every individual in the society passes through them over his or her lifetime
Definition
Age grade
Term
A population of individuals able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Definition
Species
Term
Primates see the world in three dimensions due to their binocular stereoscopic color
Definition
Vision
Term
The only legal form of marriage in the United States
Definition
Monogamy
Term
In depth descriptive studies of specific cultures
Definition
Ethnologies
Term
The child of your father's sister or mother's brother is this type of cousin
Definition
Cross
Term
Anthropology synthesizes data from many fields in an effort describe human behavior as a
Definition
whole
Term
Languages can be concieved of as a bundle of these related forms of language that are mutually intelligible with varying degrees of difficulty
Definition
Dialects
Term
Anthropologist that study living primates
Definition
primatologist
Term
Rites of ____ are ceremonies that help individuals make major changes in their lives.
Definition
Passage
Term
Common interests_____ include such organizations as Amnesty International as well as street gans like the Crips and Bloods
Definition
Groups
Term
Concern with the sacred, as distinguished from material matters.
Definition
Spirituality
Term
The belief that the ways of one's own culture are the only proper ones.
Definition
Ethnocentrism
Term
The kind of values that are emphasized by a particular culture
Definition
core
Term
The apes among which bonds between mothers and sons are the most significant in predicting rank and success.
Definition
Bonobos
Term
Marriage within a particular group.
Definition
Endogamy
Term
Behavior based on prejudice
Definition
Discrimination
Term
A family consisting of related women, their brothers, and the women's offspring
Definition
Consanguine
Term
The child of your father's brother or mother's sister is this type of cousin
Definition
Parallel
Term
Brother-sister marriages in Roman Egypt show the despite the human tendency to avoid this that it occasionally occurs
Definition
Inbreeding
Term
The process by which culture is passed from one generation to the next and through which individuals become members of society.
Definition
Enculturation
Term
A society composed of several groups of people that differ in their access to resources and prestige.
Definition
stratified
Term
Religion, magic, and witchcraft all share the common goal of improving social relationships within a community
Definition
Community
Term
A language family is a group of languages_____from a common ancestral language
Definition
descended
Term
The kind of training that fosters self-reliance
Definition
Independence
Term
The process by which organisms adjust beneficially to their environment, or the characteristics by which they overcome hazards and gain access to the resources they need to survive.
Definition
adaptation
Term
The complex system of symbolic communication that appears to be unique to humans and enables us to preserve and transmit culture
Definition
Language
Term
The belief that nature is animated with spirits. The kind of religion typical of people who see themselves as part of nature rather than superior to it.
Definition
Animism
Term
One of the primary controls used by members of society to enforce gender-appropriate behavior
Definition
Ridicule
Term
Romantic ______ is an emotion experienced by people in all societies that involves a biochemical reaction
Definition
Love
Term
The kind of monogamy that exists when men and women are married to a series of partners, but only to one at a time.
Definition
serial
Term
A linguist who inventories all of the permissible sounds of a language
Definition
Phonologist
Term
A rite of ____serves to help groups through crises such as September 11th
Definition
Intensification
Term
Culture cannot exist without this
Definition
society
Term
an important cultural category in some societies. Also, the taxonomic category equivalent to subspecies that does not represent the true nature of human biological variation
Definition
Race
Term
Sexual___ refers to the direction of an individuals sexuality
Definition
Orientation
Term
A family formed on the basis of marital ties.
Definition
Conjugal
Term
The smallest family unit
Definition
Nuclear
Term
The father of American anthropology who was a pioneer in using anthropology to combat racism
Definition
Boas
Term
The type of family formed by several closely related nuclear families clustered together into a large domestic group.
Definition
extended
Term
An organized belief in the supernatural. All of them fulfill numerous social and psychological needs.
Definition
Religion
Term
The kind of training that fosters compliance in the performance of assigned tasks
Definition
Dependence
Term
When it comes to enforcing gender scripts, American parents tend to be stricter with their
Definition
Sons
Term
Generally, if a bride price is paid, the couple will live with the family of the
Definition
Groom
Term
Two or more people related by blood, marriage, or adoption
Definition
family
Term
A closed social class in which membership is determined by birth and fixed throughout life.
Definition
caste
Term
Involving objects and ideas that are treated with reverences and awe
Definition
sacred
Term
Monogamy is the most _____ form of marriage
Definition
Common
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