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Final Exam
N/A
99
Chemistry
Undergraduate 4
05/10/2010

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Term
silicon
Definition
Example of an element:
Term
0.00001
Definition
what is the expanded form of 1X 10-5
Term
10-9 M
Definition
nanotechnology is the development of tiny devices in the range of
Term
amorphous
Definition
pure solids composed of discolored atomic substances
Term
liquids
Definition
emulsions are colloids in which both components are
Term
solution
Definition
another term for a homogeneous mixture
Term
tin
Definition
substance added to iron as a component of steel
Term
18K
Definition
if a ring is 75% gold by mass, the ring would be labeled as:
Term
ratio of mass to volume
Definition
density of a material is
Term
density is less than water
Definition
ice floats on water becasue
Term
physical process
Definition
the dissolving of sugar crystals in water to produce a solution is a
Term
evaporates
Definition
person detects the odor of perfume because it
Term
gasoline
Definition
which is the most volatile?
Term
Mt. Everest
Definition
which place on earth would the boiling point of water be the lowest?
Term
water and carbon dioxide
Definition
the products of a burning candle are:
Term
number and type of atoms are equal on both sides and sum of charges are identical
Definition
What is a true statement for equal chemical equations
Term
incomplete combustion
Definition
the main cause of measurable amounts of CO from automobile engines
Term
nitrogen
Definition
important element that is the focus of fertilizers production
Term
electrostatic forces
Definition
electrons are held within the volume of an atom by:
Term
8
Definition
what number of electrons in the last shell is required to have a stable atom that is unreactive
Term
CmHm+2
Definition
alkanes have the general formula:
Term
n
Definition
which letter before an alkane designates a straight chain hydrocarbon?
Term
oxygen+helium
Definition
what two gases, when mixed, helps to prevent a deep sea diver from experiencing "the bends"?
Term
six electrons in the last shell
Definition
what makes a true Group VI element?
Term
bonds and nonbonding electrons
Definition
lewis structures are diagrams that represent
Term
electronegativity
Definition
the relative ability of an atam to attract electrons in bonds to itself
Term
sodium
Definition
which metal ion is linked to high blood pressure?
Term
LPG
Definition
which fuel has the greatest caloric output per volume of gas?
Term
CmH2m
Definition
alkenes have the general formula
Term
120 degrees
Definition
all the bond angles of ethene are:
Term
is carcinogenic
Definition
benzene is harmful to human beings because it
Term
homogeneous mixture
Definition
gasoline used in motor vehicles is
Term
branched alkanes
Definition
fuels that contain the following have the best burning characteristics
Term
greater the fewer carbons in the compound
Definition
in general, the vapor pressure of an alkane hydrocarbon is
Term
benzene
Definition
example of an aromatic molecule:
Term
carbon, chlorine, and fluorine
Definition
CFCs are compounds of
Term
fire extinguishers
Definition
halon is banned in developed countries and was used as
Term
plastic
Definition
a material that an be molded
Term
HDPE
Definition
polymer used in plastic milk containers
Term
thermoplastic
Definition
plastic that when heated softens but does not compose
Term
monomer
Definition
small molecule that successively combines to form parts of a long chain
Term
6
Definition
polystyrene's recycle number
Term
neither perspiration nor water drops can pass through the material
Definition
gore-tex clothing is effective because
Term
alternating single and double bonds
Definition
polymers which conduct electricity have this molecular structure
Term
vulcanization
Definition
adding molten sulfur to rubber helps to retain its resilence
Term
HDPE and LDPE
Definition
most commonly recycled polymer
Term
graphite
Definition
an allotrope of diamond
Term
methane
Definition
PAHs in the form of Benzo[a] pyrene, a human carcinogen, is produced from incomplete combustion of:
Term
lubricant
Definition
because of its structure, graphite makes an excellent
Term
C-O-C
Definition
Ethers are organic compounds that have the general structure:
Term
ethyl alcohol
Definition
C2H5OH is called
Term
diabetes
Definition
what is not a detrimental effect of drinking too much alcohol?
Term
equal to twice the % of alcohol
Definition
proof value of drinking alcohol is
Term
hydrophillic
Definition
the -OH portion of an alcohol molecule is
Term
sweet
Definition
alcohols with a multiple -OH group can be identified as
Term
acetone
Definition
simplest of all ketones
Term
vinegar
Definition
diluted form of acetic acid
Term
aldehyde
Definition
what causes a hangover
Term
lactic, malic, and tararic
Definition
examples of alpha hydroxy acid
Term
latex
Definition
dispersion of water soluble chemical constituents in natural rubber
Term
geosmin
Definition
responsible for the earthy aroma of freshly dug soil
Term
vitamin D
Definition
poor absorption of calcium results from low levels of
Term
fructose
Definition
sweetest of all monosacchrides
Term
glucose
Definition
insulin assists in the metabolism of
Term
rum
Definition
molasses is used in cooking and production of
Term
6 C atoms and 6 -OH atoms
Definition
what structure gives "sugarless" gum its sweetness
Term
absence of specific enzymes for hydrolysis
Definition
difficulty of digesting lactose is caused by
Term
putting it in the refrigerator
Definition
bread can become stale by
Term
unbranched glucose polymers
Definition
cellulose is
Term
fats
Definition
what has the highest energy content per gram
Term
carboxylic acid
Definition
general formula RCOOH represents
Term
at least on double bond
Definition
Fatty acids that are unsaturated
Term
oils
Definition
fats that are liquids at room temperature are called
Term
unpleasant odor
Definition
one of the most obvious characteristics of amines
Term
pyridine
Definition
a benzyne ring with a nitrogen atom substituting for one carbon
Term
nucleotides
Definition
subunits of DNA and RNA
Term
guanine
Definition
this is a purine
Term
hydrogen bonding
Definition
formation of the double helix 2 structure of DNA is due to
Term
sugar
Definition
the D in DNA is
Term
chain of amino acids
Definition
polypeptides are
Term
peptide bond
Definition
bond between amino acids in proteins
Term
composed and the nitrogen is excreted in urine
Definition
any excess amino acids not required for protein synthesis are
Term
glutamic acid
Definition
amino acid which is the source of umami
Term
mRNA
Definition
serves as the template for protein synthesis in the extranulear region of a living cell
Term
tRNA
Definition
carries single amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis
Term
phenylalanine to tyrosine
Definition
in PKU disease, an enzymme is lacking which converts
Term
D enantiomer
Definition
biologically important to monosaccharides
Term
pork
Definition
richest source of thiamine
Term
B1
Definition
thiamine is what vitamin?
Term
riboflavin
Definition
vitamin B2
Term
C
Definition
What vitamin is water soluble?
Term
K
Definition
vitamin helps in blood clotting
Term
C
Definition
vitamin deficiency that can cause scurvy
Term
E
Definition
vitamin that is an antioxident
Term
benzoic acid
Definition
additive to preserve food
Term
they have a very low LD50
Definition
PCBs are very common industrial organochlorine chemicals and have been a problem in our environment because _______
Term
it has a high LD50
Definition
An important organophosphate insecticide is “malathion” because _______
Term
incinerators
Definition
Currently, which is the greatest source of anthropogenic dioxins in the environment?
Term
aldicarb
Definition
Which of the following is most toxic to human beings?
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