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Final Exam
final exam study
43
Biology
Undergraduate 2
12/14/2011

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Interphase
Definition
Produces RNA, synthesizes proteins
Term
G0
Definition
Resting Period
Term
G1
Definition
synthesizes RNA,  Produces Proteins
Term
G1 checkpoint
Definition
makes sure its ready for the next phase
Term
Sphase
Definition
duplicates DNA
Term
G2
Definition
Cells grow and create new proteins
Term
G2 Checkpoint
Definition
makes sure its ready for next phase
Term
pmat
Definition
nuclear division
Term
Mitosis
Definition
all activity ends
Term
M checkpoint
Definition
process is finished here
Term
Energy
Definition
the ability to do work
Term
chemical energy
Definition
fats, carbohydrates, proteins
Term
potential energy
Definition
stored energy
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
energy of motion
Term
metabolism
Definition
the sum of all chemical reactions in a cell
Term
ATP
Definition
the energy currency of a cell
Term
catalyst
Definition
something that speeds up a chemical reaction
Term
enzyme
Definition
A biological catalyst (often a protein)
Term
metabolic pathway
Definition
a series of linked reactions beginning with a particular reactant to produce a particular product
Term
organic chemistry
Definition

the chemistry of carbon compounds

 

always involves covalent bonds

often large and complex

most molecules associated with living organisms are organic

Term
isomers
Definition
compounds with the same chemical formulas but different structures.
Term
biomolecules
Definition
composed of multiple subunits
Term
monomers
Definition
individual subunits
Term
polymers
Definition
the linked subunits
Term
monosaccharide
Definition
a single sugar
Term
disaccharide
Definition
two sugars linked together in a single molecules
Term
polysaccharide
Definition
many sugar monomers linked together
Term
triglycerides
Definition
long term energy storage
Term
saturated
Definition
all single bonds because carbon has the maximum number of hydrogen atoms bound to it
Term
unsaturated
Definition
one or more double bonds
Term
phospholipids
Definition
major component of all membranes
Term
steroids
Definition
these four fused carbon rings and look very different from other lipids
Term
steroids
Definition
these have four fused carbon rings
Term
cholesterol
Definition
a steroid reguired in animal membranes
Term
estrogen and testosterone
Definition
steroids that serve as sex hormones
Term
amino acids
Definition
acidic basic hydrophillic and hydrophobic..,... determine the final structure of a protein and its function
Term
polymers
Definition
DNA and RNA
Term
DNA
Definition
cells genetic material
Term
Rna
Definition
protein production
Term
cell
Definition
smallest unit of life
Term
organism
Definition
indivual living thing
Term
unicellular
Definition
single celled
Term
multicellular
Definition
multiple cells
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