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Final exam study guide
all systems for final
104
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
05/15/2011

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Term
s/s of neutropenia
Definition
flulike symptom
Term
extravastation with chemotherapy
Definition
Term
lab value hemoglobin
Definition
males-14-18
females-12-16
Term
lab value hematocrit
Definition
males-42-52
females-37-57
Term
BUN
Definition
7-21
Term
low value hgb
Definition
less than 14-male
less than 12-female
Term
possible anemia
Definition
low hgb, low hct
Term
possible hyperthyroidism
Definition
low hgb
Term
possible anemia, fluid overload
Definition
decreased hct
Term
possible cirrohosis
Definition
decreased hematocrit& BUN
Term
high value could be polycythemia
Definition
increased hgb& hct
Term
COPD
Definition
increased hgb
Term
hemoconcentration
Definition
increased hemoglobin&hematocrit
Term
low protein diet can cause
Definition
decreased BUN
Term
BUN
Definition
7-21
Term
decreased BUN and increased hct
Definition
overhydration
Term
starvation
Definition
decreased BUN
Term
decreased BUN
Definition
liver damage
Term
chronic renal failure
Definition
BUN increased
Term
increased BUN
Definition
acute renal failure
Term
BUN increased
Definition
increased protein intake
Term
shock, CHF,DM
Definition
increased BUN
Term
dehydration
Definition
increased BUN, hct, hgb
Term
hyperailment
Definition
BUN increased
Term
lymphoma, polycythemia
Definition
increased hct
Term
prevents healing
Definition
infection, poor nutrition, renal disease, Ca., DM, obesity, necrosis,hepatic disease, corticosteroids, aging, poor circulation
Term
______ can cause hypoglycemia
Definition
insulin
Term
hypogylcemia
Definition
sweating, shaking, restlessness, diaphorisis, increased heart rate, extreme hunger
Term
somogi effect
Definition
increased glucose production at HS
Term
BG below 70, restless, hungry
Definition
hypoglcemia
Term
Type II DM
Definition
inadequate insulin
BG's controlled by diet
Term
Type I DM
Definition
childhood
no insulin produced
forever
Term
Insulin
Definition
converts glucose to energy
Term
poorly controlled BG
Definition
hyperglycemia
Term
manifestations of hypoglycemia
Definition
Change in mood, HA, light headedness, impaired vision, tachycardia, nervousness, tremors, diaphorisis
Term
DIRE
Definition
diaphorisis, increased heart rate, restlessness, extreme hunger=hypoglycemia
Term
Proper nutrition
Definition
promotes healing
Term
promotes healing
Definition
prevent infection
Term
enternal feeding
Definition
HOB 30-45 degrees, upright 30-60 minutes
Term
CT scan with contrast
Definition
check for allergy
Term
30-50 ml flush of water, return aspirate to stomach, determine residual
Definition
enternal feeding
Term
used to expand extra cellular fluid
Definition
isotonic solution
Term
to determine residual
Definition
aspirate
Term
Isulin
Definition
secreted by beta cell
Term
faciliates movement of glucose
Definition
insulin
Term
CT contrast medium
Definition
secreted in urine
Term
D5W is
Definition
dextrose in water
Term
0.9% is
Definition
sodium chloride, NS
Term
solutions Isotonic
Definition
dilute meds, keep veins open
Term
MRI
Definition
client placed in long tube
Term
prior to MRI
Definition
inform patient of 1 hr. test
Term
not a candidate for MRI
Definition
pacemaker
inplanted insulin pump
life support
pregnant
joint replacement
Term
nurse should ________ prior to MRI
Definition
remove all of patients jewelry
Term
Open ended question
Definition
"Tell me how you are feeling today"
Term
DVT
Definition
formation of thrombous
Term
DVT also known as
Definition
thrombophlebitis
Term
DVT s/s
Definition
tender to touch
extremity pain
edema
10% have homans sign
frequently in deep veins of pelvis
Term
Tx for DVT
Definition
bed rest, elevate extremity, anticoagulant therapy
anti-inflammatory, fibrolytic, warm moist compresses
Term
SCD
Definition
apply if edema is present
Term
Nsg for DVT
Definition
ambulation, anti coagulants, intermittent compression devices
Term
risk for DVT
Definition
venous stasis, ortho. surgery, pregnancy, obesity, immobility
Term
hypovolemia
Definition
low cardiac output
Term
sensible loss
Definition
aware of the fluid loss. urine for example
Term
insensible losses
Definition
fluid loss you are not aware of
Term
fluid loss from skin, lungs
Definition
600-900ml every 23 hours
Term
fluid deficit
Definition
GIT loss, vomitting, NG suctioning, inappropriate ADH secretion
Term
Ionatropic loss can be caused by
Definition
overuse of diuretics
Term
burns, wounds and lung fluid loss is
Definition
insensible loss
Term
hypovolemia is manifested by
Definition
restlessnes, dry skin, decreased skin turgor, lethargy, weight loss, postural hypotension, oliguria, increased R&HR, decrease in CVP
Term
labs for hypovolemia
Definition
increase in urine specific gravity, Increase BUN, Increase in hct.
Term
Crohn's Disease
Definition
ulceration, inflammation in sigmoid colon, begin is rectum and travel through large intestine
Term
Diet for Crohns Disease
Definition
increase caloris, protein and fluids
small servings several times a day
avoid foods that cause diarrhea
Term
NG tubes are used for
Definition
decompression, suctioning,
Term
gastric measurement
Definition
pH is 4, normal color is green
Term
coffee ground aspirate
Definition
old blood
Term
bright red aspirate
Definition
bloodfrom esophagus, lung, stomach
Term
foul smelling aspirate
Definition
feces
Term
with NG tube c/o abdominal distention
Definition
check patency, drainage, tube position, bowel sounds, respiratory status
Term
with NG tube and c/o N/V
Definition
semi fowlers
turn head to side
prevent aspiration
aspirate gastric content,
repositin tube if needed
If patency cannot be established may need to be removed
Term
NG tube with minimal drainage
Definition
validate placement and patency, reassess tube length, characteristics of drainage, request x-ray for validation
Term
Gastric resection
Definition
do not adjust or irrigate tube
Term
Early signs of hypoxia
Definition
restlessness, tachycardia, tachypnea, orthopnea, anxiety, confusion, disorientation
Term
pneumonia crackle
Definition
airway contains fluid, sounds are not continuous
Term
Normal ABG COPD
Definition
7.34-7.45 until late stage
Term
theophylline causes
Definition
tachycarida, hypotension, N/V, seizure
Term
Late signs of hypoxia
Definition
extreme restlessness, seizure, dyspnea, slowing of R, bradycardia, cyanosis
Term
vagotomy
Definition
severing of the vagus nerve
Term
why do a vagotomy
Definition
decrease acid secreting stimulus to gastric cells. Intervention for intractable ulcers
Term
Afterload
Definition
reistance L ventricle must overcome to circulate blood
Term
Preload
Definition
volume of blood in ventricles at end of DIASTOLE
Term
Preload is increase in
Definition
hypovolemia, regurgitation of cardiacvalves, heart failure
Term
when afterload increase
Definition
cardiac workload increases
Term
angina
Definition
results from artherosclerosis
Term
chronic stable angina
Definition
predictible with stress, exertion,responds well to meds., pain does not occur at rest
Term
Unstable angina
Definition
spontaneous, happens at rest, usually between 12-8am, progressive, unpredictible, NOT relieved with Nitro.
Term
angina
Definition
pain occurs when O2 demands of the heart are greater than the ability of the coronary arteries to delive it
Term
Anginal pain
Definition
subsides when precipitating factors are remedied
Term
Prinzmetals angina
Definition
pain is cyclic caused by coronary spasm
Term
Risk for angina
Definition
ASHD, cardiac ischemia, aortic valve disease, increased cardiac demand, exposure to cold
Term
prinzmetal anginal pain
Definition
squeezing, choking, restriction, pressure, indigestion, short duration, diaphoresis, increased anxiety, pallor, dyspnea
Term
Treatment for angina
Definition
vasodilators, nitro., beta adrenergic blockers, CCB's
Term
T-PA
Definition
thrombolytic, fibronolyte, assess for bleeding, assess for hypotension
Term
Thromboltyic therapy
Definition
obtain baseline vital, coagulation studies, monitor for allergic reaction, avoid venipunctures, used for MI's, PE's, DVT's, contraindicated in clients with bleeding disorders
Term
SE of Nitro.
Definition
HA. postural hypotension, syncope, blurred vision, dry mouth, reflex tachycardia
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