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Final Exam Soc 101
theories and stratifiction
58
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
11/16/2007

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Secondary Deviance
Definition

A person can no longer be around normal people. Hang out with people that accept their deviant ways. (assume a deviant role).

 

Term
Status Set
Definition
All the status that a person occupies at a given time
Term
Social Role
Definition

the behaviors,obligations, and privilleges attached to a certain status

-you play this

-roles as fences metaphor

-give us some freedom, but don't go beyond fences because then you break social norms.

Term
Status
Definition

A postions that someone occupies in a social structure

-dont exist unless in realtionship with other statuese

always changes-spouse-divorce cant be a daughter without parents explain people behavior

Term
Situational Status
Definition
only hold at a certain time, prom date, passenger in a car,passenger on a bus, and etc.
Term
Acheived Status
Definition
something you gain, earn, accomplished- for example- college graduated, wealth, any kind of occupation, marriage, being a parent.
Term
Ascribed Status
Definition
something you born with, age, gender, race, ethnicity, physical mobilty
Term
Two charteristics of Social Structure
Definition

social relationship

distributions.

Term
Features of Social structure
Definition

-gives social life it familar and predictable

-we can see the effects of social structure when someone breaks social norm, or discrimination against

-often hard to see in normal course of life

-diffrences in peoples behavior and attitude is not explain by biology, but rather by their postion is the social structure.

Term
social strucuture defined
Definition

refers to how social life is organized

-gives direction and sets limits on behavior

-every society has one and it is what accounts for much of the diffrences in people exeperiences

Term
Class
Definition
an individual position in society determined by indicatiors such as occupations, income, wealth, and education.
Term
Gender
Definition
the behaviors/attitudes that society consider appropiate for men and women
Term
Criticisms of Weber theory Bureacracies
Definition

not always effcincent-can be ineffective and counter productive

-become so huge and complex that they dont handle crisis well

-make people into robots by bureacracies

 

Term
Bureaucracies
Definition

a set of roles that have to be followed- if they are broken, punishments will be enforced

rules and procedures

heirichal

efficent

little or no individual discretion

specialized tasks

Iron cage metaphor

Term

Types of resistance as mechanismsm for change

 

Definition

-Passive resistance-sit ins and walk outs

-Counter Cultural Noncomfortist-sub cultural create their own world from the social norm -Punks and Bikers

-subtle sabotage- doing littel things to others, putting spiders into drinks.

ideological resistance-making fun of important thing, Dave Chappelle, Political cartoons

Violent Uprising- riots

 

 

Term
Folkways
Definition
general standard for behavior in society
Term
Goffman 3 types of Stigma
Definition

1. Physical deformities

2. Bad personal character such as mental illness or criminality or drug addiction.

3. Race, religon, or nationality

Goffman left out gender

Term
4 major systems of social stratification
Definition

slavery

Caste

Estate

Class

 

Term
Caste
Definition

-person status in society is determined by birth and is life long

 

someone born into a low status would always be a low status regardless of what they accomplish societies make sure boundaries remain unspoiled

 

Ex.-practice of endogamy- people dont marry outside of their caste status

India-religon-300 years

Term
Anomie
Definition
A social condition in which people become isolated and disconnected from their community or family
Term
Prestige
Definition

derived from property/ because people tend to admire the wealthy

-can be based on other factors such as

-achievements

you may also exchange presitge for property

EX.- A gold medalist may endorse wheaties ceral in exchange for profit

Term
Ideology
Definition

a system of beliefs & ideas that justify and rationalize inequality-are used to legitmate the status quo.

EX> family values are used to rationalize why a marriage should be between a man and a woman

 

Term
Five mechanism of Stratification
Definition

Prejudice

Ideolgy

Micro Aggression

Discrimination

Instutionalized Discrimination

 

Term

Prestige

Definition

an individual claim to social esteem or social honor.

also attached to educational ot occupational attianment

Term
Micro Aggression
Definition
Face to face interactions in which dominant groups put down or diminish other less powerful groups in subtle ways
Term
Social Material World
Definition

the way society is organized ditributes resources in unequal ways

-people are impacted by how the social is materially organized

Term
Resources
Definition
wealth and income
Term
significant of place and space
Definition
every social sysytem we participate in has a sense of place and space, which shapes how we behave towards one another
Term
Stratification
Definition

the social process through which rewards and resources, such as wealth, power, are distributed unequally in a society.

-social inequalities that sysemic reproduced meaning that systems of inequality occur for long periods of time and it is very hard to change

Term
Mores
Definition

Regulate our moral and ethincal behavior immoral adn unethical

-reflect core values

Term
Norms and Why they exist
Definition

rules for socially acceptable behavior

-controls people behavior or apperances with a system of rewards and punishments

-make socially life predictable without them society wouldnt exist

Term
Race
Definition
based on gentic variations in physical apperances, most notably in skin color
Term
Stigma
Definition

is a consequences of being labelled

-effect self identity

-a negative social label that identifies people as deviant or "not normal"

-shapes our self image

-how we view ourselves and how we believe society view us.

Term
Prejudice
Definition

a negative prejudgement or sterotype based on faulty assumptions about a social group

-negative cultural attitude also postive, sterotypes the virtues of a particular social group

Term
2 types of Instutionalized Discrimination
Definition

De'jure- formally written into the law

De' facto- based on cultural customs and existings social arrangements

Term
Authority
Definition

power people consider legitmate

-only exericised by those who voluntarily accpet it

Term
Discrimination
Definition
an overt got of unfair treatment directed against an individual by another individual
Term
Distrubuted Unequally amongst Social Groups
Definition

Autonomy

Resources

Prestige

Authority

Power

Term
Primary Deviance
Definition
a person begins to act abnormally and is labeled by others as "not their true self".
Term
Institutionalized Discrimination
Definition

Systematic practices and social arrangements that deny certain social groups access to resources, power, and authority.

-negative treatment of a minority group that is systemic discrimination

Term
Ecology of the Courtroom
Definition

3 stages of the courtroom associates a person's status, power, authority, and access to resources

Audience Region

Lawyer Region

Judical Region

Term

Workers aleinated from human nature

 

Definition
need to be meaningful,social and etc, but the work under a capatilist system was repetitive and boring
Term
Crime
Definition

-brings about social change

-reminds us of what is right and wrong

-crime is normal because it exists in all societies

-crime is functional because it can bring about social change

-paradox-it is the deviants among us that holds society together

Term
Roll Sets
Definition
the number of roles attached to a particular status
Term
Consequences of Labeling
Definition

1- the individual is treated diffrently by society

2- it shapes the behavior of the individual because labeling stigmatizes and isoslates people

Term
Alienation
Definition

-a psychological conditon

-results from the structure of the capitalist systems

-workers fell isoslated powerless, meaningless

-economic labor, inequality , product process co-worker (isolated from)

Term
Autonomy
Definition
the freedom to make life choices and freedom of movement
Term
Power
Definition

abilty to control others

prestige into power is likely

Ronald Regan-actor to politicain

Term
Property
Definition

-wealth

-people who own this also controls land they can reward themselves/control their own benfit

Term
3 deterimanants of class according to weber
Definition

property

power

prestige

Term

Alienated form other workers

 

Definition
discouraged from conversating with others because it wasted vaulable time. Cut off from your co-workers
Term
Class
Definition

based primarily on money or material possesions

-industrilizatio encourages this systems

-social class system is revelant to this and it is similar to your own personal exeperiences

Term
Estate
Definition

statrification system medieval Europe

-3 main groups or estates

-nobility, clergy, and the commoners

-nobilty- ruled and owned land

clergy- Roman Catholic-political power owned land and collected taxes from parish

commoners- or serfs-belonged to the land

 

Term
Slavery
Definition

-some people are owned by others

-based not on race, but on debt, punishment, or defeat in battle.

-temporary or permenant-not neccessarily passed on to ones children

Term
Alienation from the product
Definition
means that even though you put all the time and effort into the product you never benfit from the end product-because you dont own and some cant afford it.
Term
Labeling theory
Definition

happens when people break social norms

-if our behavior is percieved as deviant, people will tend to label us as deviant and respond with some form of punishment

Term
3 types of social norm
Definition

folkways

mores

laws

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