Term
|
Definition
| Consists of the forces and processes that encourage conformity, including self-control, informal control, and formal control. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when individuals accept the norms and values of their group and make conformity to these norms part of their self-concept. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Self-restraint excercised because of fear of what others will think. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Administrative sanctions such as fines, expulsion, or imprisonment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Norm violations that exceed the tolerance level of the community and result in negative sanctions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Situation in which the norms of society are unclear or no longer applicable to current conditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Suggests the deviance occurs when culturally approved goals cannot be reached by culturally approved means. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The extent to which individuals in a neighborhood share the expectation that neighbors will intervene to stop social disorder and deviane and will work together to maintain social order. |
|
|
Term
| Differential Association Theory |
|
Definition
| Argues that people learn to be deviant when more of their associates favor deviance than favor conformity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Siggest the deviance results when social sanctions, formal and informal, provide insufficient rewards for conformity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Concerned with the processes by which labels such as deviant come to be attached to specific people and specific behaviors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People who attempt to create and enforce new definitions of morality. |
|
|
Term
| Medicalization of Deviance |
|
Definition
| The process through which "badness" or oddness is redifined as illness, such as the historic change from thinking of problem drinking as a crime to thinking of it as a mental illness known as alcoholism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The behavior that is subject to legal or civil penalties |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Examples: Drug use, prostitution, gambling, and pornography.
Voluntary exchanges between persons who desire illegal goods or services from each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Crimes committed by respectable people of high status in the course of their occupation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relatively permanent group of persons linked together in social roles by ties of blood, adoption, marriage or quasi-marital commitment and who live together and cooperate economically and in the rearing of children. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Institutionalized social structure that provides an enduring framework for regulating sexual behavior and childbearing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A family in which a couple and their children live with other kin, such as the wife's or husband's parents or siblings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A family in which a couple and their children form an independent household living apart from other kin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A marriage in which there is only one wife and one husband. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any form of marriage in which a person may have more than one spouse at a time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formal rituals that mark the ned of one age status and the beginning of another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tendency to choose a mate similar in status to oneself. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The practice of choosing a mate from within one's own racial, ethnic, or religious group. |
|
|
Term
| Deinstitutionalization of Marriage |
|
Definition
| The gradual disintegration of the social norms that undergird the need for marriage, the meaning of marriage, and expectations regarding marital roles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Calculated as the number of divorces each year per 1,000 married women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The estimated probability that a marriage will ever end in divorce within a given time period. |
|
|
