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Definition
| -70mV. When at rest the cell membrane is polarized NaCl(sodium-potassium) cannot pass through. Thus, the outside is now positive and inside is negative |
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Definition
| The wave depolarization when sodium potassium rushes. Depolarization occurs when an impulse occurs. The inside of the impluse is positive while the outside becomes negative |
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Definition
When depolarization can't occur. It is the time it takes for sodium potassium to be pumped out by the sodium potassium pump.
(Only last a few thousand seconds) |
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Definition
| Anything that can make the receptor to start an impulse in a nerve pathway. |
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Term
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Definition
Special structure that responds to commands on the nervous system
(muscels and organs) |
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| Structures and functions of neurons |
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Definition
Dendrites - Recieve impulses to the axons (impulses only go one way)
Axon - a long thin fiber that extends from the cell body with impulses in one direction
Schwann cell nucleus - makses myelin which cover axons (a fatty substance that doesn't conduct much electricity which insulates axons |
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Term
Structures and functions of neurons
(Part 2) |
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Definition
Node of Rangier - small breaks in the myelin sheath
Terminal Branches - terminal branches of the neurons that are next to an organ or dendrites of another cell.
Synaptic knobs - carry neuron transmitter. Gap between the axon (synaptic knob) of 1 neuron and the dendrite of another (Synapse) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pumps out Sodium potassium during the refractory period. Keeps Positive NaCl from intering membrane |
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Term
| Componets of the hind, mid, and fore-brain |
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Definition
Midbrain - Focuses of vision and connects the hind brain to forebrain
Forebrain - contains the cerebrum, thalamus, and hyper thalamus
Hindbrain - cerebellum, the pons, and the medulla oblongata |
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Definition
| A membrane that divides the brain into two halves. |
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Definition
| Found at the rear part of the cerebrum and is divided into two spheres. Controls all voluntary and invoulantary movements. |
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Term
| Medulla oblongata and pons |
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Definition
Pons-route information throughout the brain. They link the spinal cord, medulla oblongata, cerebellum and cerebrum.
Medulla Oblongata - the lowest part of the brain with white matter outside and grey matter as the inner layer. Controls some voulantrary activites(breathing, heartbeat, bloodflow, coughing) |
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Definition
| get messages to the forebrain. Directs messages to different parts of the cerebrum. Acts as a relay station. |
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| Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous system |
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Definition
Sympathetic - pupils dilate, helps body get ready for dangerous situations (Fight or flight)
Parasympathetic - Relaxes body |
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Term
| Autonomic and Somatic Nervous system |
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Definition
Somatic - control voluntary body movements
Autonomic - controls involuntary bode movements (Mostly internal organs) |
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Term
| White matter and Grey Matter |
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Definition
Grey matter - made up of cell bodies of motor neurons and many interneurons(connected my unmyelinated fibers)
White matter - Mylinated nerve fibers |
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Term
| Different types of neurons |
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Definition
Sensory Neurons - reviece impulses fromr eceptors
Motor Neurons - send impulses to effectors
Inter Neurons - relay the impulses between the sensory neurns and motor neurons
Nerves - made of a bundle axons and dendrites or motor and senroty neurons |
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Term
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Definition
Know the process of a synapse.
1)Depolarization
2) Calcium is released which releases neurotransmitters
3)Neurotransmitters spill into snaptic gap(synapse)
4) Diffuses rapidly into to 2nd neuron's dendrite
5) Chemicals change perminability to sodium causing another action potential |
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