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Final Exam 3
Microbiology
48
Microbiology
Undergraduate 3
05/12/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Which of the following is a correct example of binomial nomenclature?
Definition

Streptococcus pyogenes

Term
Bacteria divide by  ___________ .

Definition
binary fission
Term

Which of the theories listed did Pasteur’s classic experiment using curved neck flasks helped disprove?

Definition
Spontaneous generation
Term
Which of the following is probably true about all the experiments that were used to support the theory of spontaneous generation? 
Definition

Microorganisms were already present

Term

Which of the following provided a method of demonstrating that a microorganism could be responsible for a particular disease?

Definition
Koch
Term
In the name Escherichia coli, the coli refers to the
Definition
Species
Term
Organisms that use glucose for carbon and energy are called?
Definition
Chemoheterotrophs
Term

Gram positive cocci in clusters are most likely_______?

Definition
Staphylococcus
Term
The resolution of a microscope can be improved by changing the __________.
Definition
Wavelength of light   
Term
What is the total magnification of bacteria if you used a compound light microscope and the 20x objective?
Definition
200x
Term
Gram staining of bacteria enables one to distinguish two kinds of bacterial

Definition
cell walls

Term
Which type of microscope is best to visualize a 300nm virus?
Definition
Electron microscope
Term
Which of the following are considered light microscopes? 
Definition
A.  Confocal microscope
B.  Phase-contrast microscope
C.  Brightfield microscope
D.  Darkfield microscope
E.  All of the above
Term

Which eukaryotic organelles possess bacteria like ribosomes?

Definition
B.  Chloroplasts
C.  Mitochondria


Term

Which of the following are characteristics that distinguish prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Definition

A. DNA not enclosed in a membrane

         B. They lack membrane bound organelles

         C. Cell walls with peptidoglycan

         D. DNA not bound to histones

            E. All of the above 

Term

The _________ is the unorganized form of the glycocalyx.

Definition
Slime layer
Term
(fig 1) depicts a bacterial plasma membrane. ____________  have the ability to flip flop within the membrane?
Definition
Peripheral proteins
Term

Ribosomes are composed of 2 subunits. Prokaryotic ribosomes are called ________, which are made up of a small _________ subunit and a larger _________ subunit.

Definition
70S, 30S, 50S
Term
Frimbriae and pili differ in that pili 

Definition
can transfer DNA

Term
Which method(s) of transporting nutrients across the plasma membrane require energy?
Definition

C.  active transport 

         D.  group translocation
E.  C and D  

Term
In Figure 3, which diagram of a cell wall is a gram-nejative cell wall?
Definition
a.  with small peptidoglycan layer
Term
In Figure 3, what is the bilayer directly outside the layer of peptidoglycan in picture (a) (left) called?
Definition
outer membrane
Term
If bacteria that normally grow well in 10% salt (inside cell) but are put in a hypotonic salt solution the cells will

Definition
take up water the bacteria will swell
Term
Which of the following is NOT a molecule found in bacterial cell walls?
Definition
Cellulose

Term
LPS is uniquely found in

Definition
gram negative cell walls

Term
Inhibition of an enzyme where the inhibitor   binds directly to the active site of the enzyme is called _______________?
Definition
competitive inhibition
Term
In this figure_______________________
Definition
Molecule W is the oxidized form of molecule Y
Term
What are the three principle stages of cellular respiration?
Definition
glycolysis, krebs cycle, electron transport
Term
According to the chemiosmotic mechanism, ATP is generated when?
Definition
Protons flow back across the membrane and create a proton motive force
Term
The catabolic process/pathway in which pyruvic acid is converted into NADH2, FADH2, GTP and CO2
Definition
Krebs cycle
Term

When one molecule of NADH passes through the electron transport chain, how many molecules of ATP are produced?

Definition

3

Term

Glycolysis, embden-meyerhoff, is the oxidation of glucose to two molecules of _______ which possess ________ carbon(s) per molecule.

Definition

pyruvic acid, 3

Term

How many ATP can be generated by the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose?

Definition
38
Term

Most enzymes:

Definition

Are effective at an optimum temperature for the reaction they catalyze.

Term
Aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which of the following ways?
Definition
The final electron acceptors are different
Term

Why are intermediates of catabolic pathways also important to anabolic pathways?

Definition

common intermediates of catabolic pathways are often used in anabolic pathways.

Term
faculative anaerobe:
Definition
has both catalase and SOD
Term

Which group of organisms are most likely to grow in the Great Salt Lake?

Definition
halophiles
Term
Cells may enter stationary phase because of 
Definition

A. the depletion of an essential nutrient.
B. a lack of available oxygen.
C. the accumulation of toxic waste products

      D. formation of products that change the pH of the media
E. all of the choices

 

Term
During the lag phase of growth, bacteria are
Definition
A.  gearing up for growth but not yet dividing
B.  adapting themselves to growth conditions
C.  not dividing yet
D.  synthesizing enzymes and other molecules.
E.  All of the above are accurate descriptions of the lag phase.
Term
During the log phase of growth, bacteria are
Definition
repeatedly doubling in number in a given period of time (i.e., the doubling time)

Term
Which tube contains an organism which is a microaerophile?
Definition

E all grouped together in one section of tube.

Term
Which tube contains an organism which is an obligate anaerobe?
Definition

C All of it at the bottom

Term
____________________ are required organic compounds because they are essential cell components or precursors of such components that cannot be synthesized by the organism.
Definition
Growth factors
Term
Where can amphipathic molecules like phospholipids most likely found in eukaryotic cells?
Definition
B.  around organelles.
C.  plasma membrane
Term
Which of the  following are characteristics of Clostridium botulinum? Choose all that apply.
Definition

A.  gram positive

D.  obligate anaerobe

      E.  produces toxin

 

 

Term
Mesophiles are 
Definition
a group of bacteria that contain many human pathogens.
Term
Catalase is an enzyme that......
Definition
degrades reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide H2O2.
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