In classifying organisms, scientists try to select groups of organisms’ w similar characteristics due to ancestry.

Which is acceptable Definition of evolution.

A change in the genetic makeup of a population

Darwin differed from Lamarck in proposal that

Inherent variations in the population are more important

Natural selection is based on all the following except

Individuals must adapt to their environment

On which of the following did Linnaeus base his classification system

Morphology and Anatomy

When single stranded DNA from human is compared to single strand from a chimp…. Evidence is that

Humans and Chimps are closely related

Which of the following best describes the fossil record

Humans and Chimps are closely related

Which of the following best describes the fossil record

All vertebrate classes made their first appearance in fossil record

Ichthyosauri was an aquatic dinosaur

A biologist studied squirrels for 15 years… What inferences might one make

All of the above

Which of the following pieces of evidence most strongly supports common origin of all life

All organisms have the same genetic code

DNA can code for mRNA, which can code for protein. It would make much more plausible the theory of

Lamarck

Which of the following men prob had the least impact on eventual publication of Origin of Species

Bats…. Which of the structures most likely are vestigial in these organisms

 The human appendix is a vestigial organism. Which would NOT be constant with this view

The appendix has a larger bud supply compared to other parts of digestive system

The a population that is Hardy Weinberg equilibrium… % of population homozygous for this allele

Most copies of harmful recessive alleles in a population are carried by individuals that are

Heterozygous for the allele

Darwinian fitness of an individual is best measured by

The number of offspring that survive to reproduce

 Brightly colored peacocks mate more frequently than drab colored peacocks. This illustrates

Sexual selection

Evidence indicates that horse have gradually increased in size of geological time. This illustrates..

Directional selection

The average birth weight for humans is around 7 lbs. This illustrates

Stabilizing selection

Pathogenic bacteria in many hospitals are resistant to routine antibiotics. This illustrates

Directional selection

In peas, a gene controls flower color such that R=red and r=white. Assuming hardy-Weinberg, what is freq.

80%

Gene flow is a concept best used to describe an exchange between

Populations

Cecropia moths overwinter…. This bimodal emergence curve is likely maintained in the population by

Diversifying selection 

The Modern Synthesis incorporates info from many areas of science.

Population genetics

Female wasps, which behavior is NOT consistent with current evolutionary theory.

Given enough time, these flies will develop longer antennae and become perfect mimics.

The most likely pattern for origin of species is

Cladogenesis

The only taxonomic category that actually exists as a discrete unit is

Species

 Punctuated equilibrium states that

Long periods of minor changes are interrupted

A method of rapid speciation that is extremely common in plants is

Polyploidy

Two species mate and produce offspring. This type of isolation is called.

Hybrid inviability

A botanist discovers a large population of annual plants, what would be productive research tool to discover

Growing seeds of one size of plant with various nutrient concentrations

Some species of Anopheles mosquitos live in brackish water.. What type of reproductive barrier is separating

Ecological/niche/habitat isolation

The biological species concept advocated by Mayr is inadequate for grouping

Asexual organisms

Races of humans are unlikely to evolve extensive differences in the future because

A characteristic of allopatric speciation is 

Biologists who proposed the theory of punctuated equilibrium are

A plant with a diploid number of 28 mates with

A peripheral population undergoing speciation 

Which of the following would apply to anagenesis and cladogenesis

The species concept used by Linnaeus was

A Randomly selected group of organisms from a family would show more genetic variation than a randomly

Which of the following is the proper protocol for writing a species name for a common dandelion

 In which way are all the living things alike?

Darwin was able to formulate his theory of evolution based on several facts. Which of the following

-Individual organisms in a population are not alike

Why was the primitive atmosphere of Earth more conductive to the origin of life than the modern atmosphere

 RNA molecules can be both self replicating and catalytic. This probably means that

 In what way is the complex process of photosynthesis similar to some simple reactions

In their lab simulation of the early Earth, Miller and Urey observed the abiotic synthesis

Which of the following factors was MOST important in the very early origins of life

Which of the following is NOT true about the ways that prokaryotic cells differ from euk cells

Which of the following would most likely occur if all prokaryotes were suddenly to perish

While it is still unknown how first cells formed, scientists suspect that the first active biological macromolecule

All of the following statements about prokaryotes are correct EXCEPT

 Which of the following statements is CORRECT about gram-negative bacteria

 Why do systematic biologists now reject the use of a single kingdom for all prokaryotic organisms

All of the following statements about bacterial cell walls are true EXCEPT

 In which of the following ways are prokaryotes more successful on Earth than humans

Since plants, fungi, and prokaryotes have cell walls, why do we classify them in diff taxonomic units?

Which of the following is a significant difference between the genomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Which of the following is evidence that Earth’s environment switched from a reducing one to an oxidizing 

The strongest evidence for the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic organelles is the similarity between extant

 According to the endosymbitoic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, how did mitochondria originate

Many biologists consider the kingdom Protista polyphyletic.. Which of the following statements is consistent

Which organelles do scientists believe originated by symbiotic relationships between primitive eukaryotes

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of jewanu structures produced by the Indian chemist

Why is it NOT a good idea to classify organisms by structures it lacks

Bryophytes have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

A botanist discovers a new species of plant in a tropical forest. After observing its anatomy and life cycle

A new species of bacteria is discovered, and after observing the bacteria in cultures in the lab, its noted that 

The spores of ferns germinate to produce

A biologist isolates a prokaryotic organism from a soil sample. He does an analysis of the cell membrane 

Which of the following is the dominant life cycle of the mosses?

Which of the following was NOT a problem for the first land plants

-Animal predation

All of the following are defining characteristics of land plants EXCEPT

Members of the plant kingdom probably evolved from ________ more than 400 million years ago

The ______ is not a trend in the evolution of plants

 In complex land plants, the diploid stage is resistant to adverse environmental conditions

A mycelium is characteristic of most

What do fungi and arthropods have in common

The symbiotic associations call mycorrihizae considered

 The body of a fungus is made of a network of filaments called

 Fungi can be all of the following EXCEPT

The vegetative bodies of most fungi are 

Viruses have some of the properties of living organisms. Which of the following is a characteristic of all 

Which of the following is a true statement about viruses?

Which of the following is NOT a classification typically found in viruses>?

 A new virus infects humans and quickly spreads

 A new unicellular organism is discovered In the stream of northeast Ohio. It is observed that the organism

The first active biological macromolecule was probably

Which of the following is NOT a trait found in monocots

In male angiosperms the male gametophyte is found in 

Which of the following traits serve as a significant adaption for plants with regard to evolution of seeds

According to the cladogram, what adaption separated fern ancestors and gymnosperm ancestors

Most plants today are thought to have evolved from

 The ethnologist most well known for his study of bee dances was

 Your friend Jim comes to you with a problem. His dog barks too much.

-The dogs behavior is a result of operant conditioning

Shadow is a dog that spends most of his time sleeping in various locations around the house

Which of the following structures is homologous to the wing of a bat

When single stranded DNA from a human is compared to a chimp

An organ or structure that responds to a stimulus is referred to as

A housefly turns in flight and following the increasing scent of garbage

-Taxis

Humans can sometimes stop fixed action patterns by consciously recognizing the sequence and simple

. A horse observes his owner unlatch the gate each day at a feeding time

In regression analysis, the scientist is looking for

John buys a new pair of glasses. He wears them for a few days and feels self conscious

 Darwin was able to formulate his theory of evolution based on several facts

Which of the following is descriptive of protostomes

All of the following are protostomes EXCEPT

Which of the following is NOT generally an animal characteristic

According to most evolutionary biologists, the animal kingdom is 

 The common ancestor of all animals was probably a

Multicellular animals lacking true tissues are

Multicellular animals lacking true tissues are

-Parazoa

 Cephalization is generally NOT associated with

A new species of terrestrial animal is discovered with the following characteristics

 All of the following are characteristics of arthropods EXCEPT

 Which of the following is NOT a shared characteristic of all chordates

Pharyngeal gill slits appear to have functioned first as

 In which class did jaws first appear

What is one characteristic that separates chordates from all other animals

Characterized by a cartilaginous endoskeleton

-Chondrichthyes

Internal fertilization, amniotic egg, skin that resists drying 

Three major groups: egg laying, pouched, placental

 Includes salamanders, frogs, toads, must return to water to reproduce

 Includes snakes, turtles, and lizards

Which of the following has a two-chambered heart

 Which sequence of evolutionary relationships is most consistent

-Fishes&amphibians&reptiles&birds

Which of the following structures is/are characteristic of vertebrates

 The amniotic egg first evolved in what group

Why is the amniotic egg considered an important evolutionary breakthrough

Which of the following is a correct description of the class represented by X

Excluding the echinoderms, all the animals in group II have which of the following

 Which of the following is true about imprinting

Which of the following groups of scientist is closely associated with ethology

Which of the following statements is are true about fixed action patterns

Animals tend to maximize their energy intake to expenditure ratio. This behavior is called

Tits learn to peck

Male insects attempt to mate with orchids

A returning salmon goes back to home stream to spawn

A human will quickly withdraw limb if limb is exposed to hot surface 

 A child who has behaved inappropriately 

The proximate causes of behavior are interactions with the environment

Which of the following is best example for K selector species

A type I survival curve is most likely to be found in 

Which of the following is characteristic of an opportunistic species

All of the following could characterize a population except

 Natural Selection involves energetic trade-offs between or among life history traits

In which of the following habitats would you expect to find largest number of K selectors

 Which of the following would be most helpful to solving the world’s environmental probs

Which of the following is a density-independent factor limiting human population growth

A biologist reports that a sample of ocean water had 5 million diatoms

-Density

A population of ground squirrels has an annual per capita

Which of the following could cause a realized niche to differ from a fundamental niche

Resource partitioning is best described by which of the following statements

The traditional concept of succession includes the idea of an equilibrium sate called a climax community

An insect that has evolved to closely resemble a twig will probably be able to avoid

Mimicry systems depend on all of the following except

An example of Batesian mimicry is 

The sum total of an organism’s interaction with the biotic and abiotic resources of its environment is called it

-Niche

According to the Competitive Exclusion Principle, the two species cannot continue to occupy the same

An example of Mullerian mimicry is

An example of aposematic coloration is the

Evidence shows that some species of prairie grasses benefit from being grazed 

Which of the following statements is most consistent with F. E. Clements “holistic” 

Which of the following best describes plants that are found late in successional stages

High levels of pesticides found in some species of birds of prey is example of

 In general, the total biomass in a terrestrial ecosystem will be greatest for which trophic level

. A cows diet indicates that it is 

- Primary consumer 

Distribution of different types of ecosystems is influenced by

 A biome with grasses as the primary producers and scattered trees 

An interaction in which both species benefit is best described as

  When an inexperienced predator attacks a yellow wasp

-C & D are correct

 In a community, friction between two competing populations might be minimized

 G = r max N 9K-N/k) represents

When the number of organisms in a population remains more or less the same over time

Which of the following traits is not a characteristic of an organism that has K selected adaption

-Short life span

Energy from the sun is captured and converted into chemical energy by

Which of the following is not an example of a plant defense against herbivores

Which of the following statements is consistent with the competitive exclusion principle

The animal shown to the right is engaging in stotting or pronging