Term
| _____ enables hosts, which have no knowledge of routing options, to obtain the MAC address of a gateway router that can forward packets for them. |
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Definition
| Proxy Address Resolution Protocol (Proxy ARP) |
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Term
| Between VRRP and HSRP, _____ is Cisco proprietary. |
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Definition
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Term
| Between VRRP and HSRP, _____ is an open standard. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for an abstract object managed by VRRP that acts as a default router for hosts on a shared LAN? |
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Definition
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Term
| In VRRP, the active router is referred to as the _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| In VRRP, the master virtual router may have the same _____ as the virtual router group. |
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Definition
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Term
| In VRRP, how many routers can function as backup routers? |
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Definition
| 254 (255 max - 1 master router) |
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Term
| VRRP provides redundancy for what two routing entities? |
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Definition
| (1)the real IP address of a router or (2)a virtual IP address shared among the VRRP group members. |
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Term
| If a real IP address is used in a VRRP group, the router with that address becomes _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| In VRRP, if a virtual IP address is used, the master is the router with _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| A VRRP group has one main _____ and one or more _____. |
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Definition
| master router; backup routers |
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Term
| A VRRP master router uses _____ to inform group members of its status. |
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Definition
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Term
| (T/F) VRRP allows load sharing across more than one virtual router. |
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Definition
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Term
| Each HSRP standby group that you define includes what router roles? |
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Definition
1.Active router
2.Standby router
3.Virtual router
4.Any other routers that maybe attached to the subnet |
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Term
| Name a major drawback to using HSRP regarding active/standby routers. |
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Definition
| The problem with HSRP is that only one router is active and two or more routers just sit there in standby mode and won’t be used unless a failure occurs. |
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Term
| An HSRP standby group will always have at least _____ routers participating in it. |
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Definition
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Term
| In an HSRP group, the active and standby routers communicate to each other using _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| If an HSRP standby router stops receiving Hello packets from the active router, what happens? |
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Definition
| It then takes over the active router role. |
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Term
| A virtual router in an HSRP group has a virtual _____ and a virtual _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the MAC address "0000.0c07.ac0a" identifies it as a well-known Cisco HSRP MAC address? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are HSRP timers important to HSRP function? |
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Definition
| Because they ensure communication between the routers, and if something goes wrong, they allow the standby router to take over. |
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Term
| Name the four types of HSRP timers. |
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Definition
| Hello, hold, active, and standy |
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Term
| Which HSRP timer has a default interval of 3 seconds and is a way for routers to communicate what state they're in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which HSRP timer has a default of 10 seconds (roughly 3x the Hello timer) and specifies the interval the standby router uses to determine whether the active router is offline or out of communication? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which HSRP timer monitors the state of the active router and resets each time a router in the standby group receives a Hello packet from the active router? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which HSRP timer is used to monitor the state of the standby router? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three main HSRP group roles. |
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Definition
| virtual router, active router, and standby router |
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Term
| Describe the "virtual router" HSRP group role. |
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Definition
| The primary router with the highest configured priority will act as a virtual router with a pre-defined gateway IP address and a virtual MAC address. |
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Term
| Describe the "active router" HSRP group role. |
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Definition
| The active router is the physical router that receives data sent to the virtual router address and routes it onward to its various destinations. |
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Term
| Describe the "standby router" HSRP group role. |
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Definition
| The standby router is the backup to the active router. Its job is to monitor the status of the HSRP group and quickly take over packet-forwarding responsibilities if the active router fails or loses communication. |
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Term
| Describe the "other routers" HSRP group role. |
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Definition
| Other group routers monitor the Hello messages sent by the active and standby routers to ensure that an active and standby router exists for the HSRP group that they belong to. |
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Term
| In HSRP version 1, what is the group IPv4 address and virtual MAC address? |
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Definition
| 224.0.0.2; 00:00:0c:07:ac:XX |
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Term
| In HSRP version 2, what is the group IPv4 address and virtual MAC address? |
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Definition
| 224.0.0.102; 00:00:0c:9f:fX:XX |
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Term
| In HSRP version 1, what is the group IPv6 address and virtual MAC address? |
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Definition
| ff02::66; 00:05:73:a0:0X:XX |
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Term
| What Cisco proprietary protocol allows for automatic selection and simultaneous use of multiple available gateways as well as permitting automatic failover between those gateways? |
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Definition
| Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) |
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Term
| What are the two main router roles in GLBP? |
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Definition
| active virtual gateway (AVG) and active virtual forwarder (AVF) |
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Term
| GLBP group members communicate with each other using what IP address, and how often? |
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Definition
| 224.0.0.102, every 3 seconds |
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Term
| GLBP elects one _____ for each group. |
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Definition
| active virtual gateway (AVG) |
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Term
| By default GLBP load balances in _____ fashion. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the active virtual forwarder (AVF) in GLBP? |
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Definition
| Each AVF assumes responsibility for forwarding packets sent to its virtual MAC address. |
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Term
| A GLBP group can have up to _____ members. |
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Definition
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Term
| You can force a router to take over (or usurp) the current active AVG if it has a higher _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| In GLBP, when you force one router to take over the role of AVG, that's called what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It's a group of physical routers, configured to forward traffic to a shared virtual gateway IP. If one router fails, one of the other routers can take over as group "master". |
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