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FHB section 1
nerve, cardiac, vascular
161
Biology
Not Applicable
01/25/2005

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Term
CSF vs. Blood, higher Na?
Definition
CSF
Term
CSF vs. Blood, higher K?
Definition
Blood
Term
CSF vs. Blood, higher Cl?
Definition
CSF
Term
CSF vs. Blood, higher glucose?
Definition
Blood
Term
CSF vs. Blood, higher protein?
Definition
Blood
Term
alpha receptor antagonist
Definition
phenoxybenzamine
Term
beta receptor antagonist
Definition
propranolol
Term
musc receptor antagonist
Definition
atropine
Term
nico receptor antagonist
Definition
curare
Term
opiod peptide NTs and fxn
Definition
enkephalins, endorphins, inhibit pain
Term
embryonic derivation of nerual system
Definition
ectoderm
Term
embryonic derivation of microglia
Definition
mesoderm
Term
polyribosomes in nerve cells and their location
Definition
Nissl bodies, some, dendrite
Term
transport away from the soma (2 names)
Definition
anterograde, orthograde
Term
transport towards the soma
Definition
retrograde
Term
inner leaflets of Schwann cell membrane fuse to form the...
Definition
major dense line/inner mesoaxon
Term
outer leaflets of Schwann cell membrane fuse to form the...
Definition
intraperiod lines of myelin/outer mesoaxon
Term
large diameter nerve fibers
Definition
A alpha
Term
med diameter nerve fibers
Definition
A beta/delta
Term
small diameter nerve fibers
Definition
C
Term
an unencapsulated nerve ending responsive to light touch
Definition
Merkel's disc
Term
an unencapsulated nerve ending in a hair cell responsive to light touch
Definition
peritrichial ending
Term
an encapsulated nerve ending sensitive to fine touch
Definition
Meissner's corpuscle
Term
an encapsulated nerve ending sensitive to pressure and vibration
Definition
Paccianian corpuscle
Term
an encapsulated nerve ending sensitive to muscle stretch
Definition
NM spindle
Term
an encapsulated nerve ending sensitive to tendon stretch
Definition
Neurotendon spindle
Term
skeletal muscle TT V sensor
Definition
DHPR dihydropyridine receptor
Term
skeletal muscle SR Ca release channel
Definition
RyR ryanodine receptor
Term
3 Subunits of troponin
Definition
CTI
Term
fast fibers rely on ___ for energy
Definition
glycolysis
Term
fast fibers are light/dark fibers
Definition
light
Term
TT found in what two types of muscle?
Definition
sk, car
Term
Z lines not found in what type of muscle?
Definition
sm
Term
3 mechs of Ca entry into smooth muscle
Definition
IP3 induced SP release, ligand gates, Vm gates
Term
most Ca of sm muscles is extruded into the...
Definition
ex-cell space
Term
troponin found in...
Definition
sk, car
Term
regen of sk muscle
Definition
very limited
Term
regen of sm muscle
Definition
yep
Term
regen of car muscle
Definition
nope
Term
a myofiber is a...
Definition
myocyte
Term
a myofibril is a...
Definition
sarcomeric structure inside a myocyte
Term
sk type I is A/An?
Definition
A
Term
sk type II is A/An?
Definition
An
Term
vent/atr muscle more highly differentiated?
Definition
ventricle
Term
coronary vessles located in the...
Definition
epimysium
Term
perimysium more defined in sk/car?
Definition
sk
Term
location of TT in sk?
Definition
AI band
Term
location of TT in car?
Definition
Z band
Term
TT more developed in...
Definition
car
Term
SR more developed in...
Definition
sk
Term
3 jxns at intercalated disc...
Definition
fasciae adherens, desmosome, GJ
Term
TT analogue in sm?
Definition
calveolae
Term
cells responsible for sk muscle regen?
Definition
satellite cells, residual myoblasts
Term
Ca control in sk?
Definition
calsequestrin in terminal cisternae
Term
Ca control in sm?
Definition
calveolae
Term
Ca control in car?
Definition
ex-cell sources
Term
direction of transmural conduction of cardiac AP?
Definition
endo --> epi
Term
causes of healing over of GJ?
Definition
inc Ca, dec pH
Term
effect of TTX?
Definition
block fast Na channels
Term
phases in slow cardiac APs?
Definition
0, 3, 4
Term
duration of slow cardiac AP?
Definition
100-200 msec
Term
duration of fast cardiac AP?
Definition
200-400 msec
Term
does NE affect K conductance?
Definition
no
Term
which type of cardiac AP demonstrates post-repol refractoriness?
Definition
Slow
Term
why do slow APs demonstrate post-repol refractoriness?
Definition
time dependance of slow Ca channels
Term
what on the EKG represents the AP duration in the ventricle?
Definition
QT
Term
is slow Ca current more important in the SA node or the Purkinje system?
Definition
SA node
Term
3 requirements for re-entry loop
Definition
geometry, slow conduction, unidirectional block
Term
possible causes of DAD
Definition
digitalis toxicity, rapid HR, elevated catecholamines
Term
possible causes of EAD
Definition
acidosis, hypoK, slow HR
Term
why is an RonT PVC long?
Definition
it occurs during RRP of previous beat
Term
infarct does what to Nai?
Definition
inc
Term
infarct does what to Cai
Definition
inc
Term
infarct does what to RMP
Definition
inc
Term
infarct does what to Ko?
Definition
inc
Term
effect of hypokalemia on conduction velocity?
Definition
none
Term
effect of hyperkalemia on Rm?
Definition
decrease
Term
effect of hyperkalemia on Rm?
Definition
inc
Term
where do changes in pacemaker activity due to K conc primarily occur?
Definition
outside the SA node, Purkinje is sensitive
Term
annomalous rectifier channel...
Definition
IK1
Term
delayed rectifier channel...
Definition
IK
Term
does atrial muscle have TT?
Definition
no
Term
how do catecholamines affect phospholambin?
Definition
phos it, inc. Ca-ATPase activity --> quicker pumping into SP -->quicker relaxation for quicker HR
Term
regulation of contraction amplitude in cardiac muscle?
Definition
Ca influx
Term
regulation of contraction amplitude in skeletal muslce?
Definition
AP freq, central recruitment
Term
in response to catecholamines, PKA phosphorylates...
Definition
Ca channels, phospholambin
Term
increasing preload during isotoinc contractions does what to amount of tension developed?
Definition
0
Term
increasing preload during isotoinc contractions does what to the amount of shortening?
Definition
inc
Term
increasing preload during isotoinc contractions does what to the max tension?
Definition
0
Term
increasing preload during isotoinc contractions does what to velocity of shortening?
Definition
inc
Term
increasing afterload during isotoinc contractions does what to the amount of shortening?
Definition
dec
Term
increasing afterload during isotoinc contractions does what to velocity of shortening?
Definition
dec
Term
increasing afterload during isotoinc contractions does what to total tension?
Definition
inc
Term
cause of the a wave on Wiggers?
Definition
atrial contraction
Term
cause of the c wave on Wiggers?
Definition
bulging of valves during ventricular systole
Term
contribution of the atrial kick at rest..
Definition
5%
Term
contribution of the atrial kick at exercise...
Definition
15%
Term
cause of S3
Definition
turbulent flow into ventricle - compliance, dilation
Term
avg cardiac index
Definition
3.1 L/min/m sq
Term
venous P
Definition
5
Term
mean RAP
Definition
2
Term
systolic RVP
Definition
25
Term
systolic RVP is approx ___ LVP
Definition
1/5
Term
end-diastolic RVP
Definition
2
Term
systolic PAP
Definition
25
Term
diastolic PAP
Definition
10
Term
mean PAP
Definition
15
Term
mean LAP
Definition
6
Term
systolic LVP
Definition
120
Term
diastolic LVP
Definition
6
Term
mean Brachial artery P
Definition
95
Term
EF=
Definition
(EDV-ESV)/EDV x 100
Term
what is meant by the diastolic reserve?
Definition
an inc in preload leads to a greater EDP leads to a greater SV
Term
what is meant by the systolic reserve?
Definition
an inc in contractility leads to a greater SV
Term
two consequences of CHF as depicted on the P/V curve?
Definition
dec contractility, dec compliance
Term
two ways to move venous return curve up and to the right
Definition
inc blood volume or inc venous tone
Term
inc in sympathetic activity does what to peripheral venous pressure?
Definition
inc
Term
percent of plasma that is protein
Definition
7
Term
nml albumin
Definition
3.5-5 g/dL
Term
nml globulins
Definition
2-4 g/dL
Term
percent of plasma that is organic molecules (not proteins)...
Definition
2.1
Term
percent of plasma that is salts...
Definition
.9
Term
nml RBC number
Definition
4-5x106/uL
Term
nml leukocyte number
Definition
4-10x103/uL
Term
neutrophil diff
Definition
60-70
Term
eosinophil diff
Definition
2-4
Term
basophil diff
Definition
0-1
Term
lympo diff
Definition
20-25
Term
monocyte diff
Definition
3-8
Term
nml platelet number
Definition
2-4x105/uL
Term
rxn catalyzed by Carbonic anhydrase
Definition
CO2 + H20 --> H2CO3 --> H+ + HCO3-
Term
Hgb content of an RBC
Definition
33%
Term
composition of HbA1
Definition
a2b2
Term
composition of HbA2
Definition
a2d2
Term
HbS mutation
Definition
Glu-Val
Term
RBC size
Definition
7-8nm
Term
contents of neutrophil spec gran
Definition
alkaline phosphatase, collagenase IV, lysozyme, lactoferrin
Term
contents of neutrophil azur gran
Definition
myeloperoxidase, defensins, collagenase, elastase, acid phosphatase
Term
02- formed by
Definition
NAHPH oxidase
Term
contents of eo spec ex gran
Definition
histaminase, arylsulphatase, acid phosphatase, cathepsin, ribonuclease, eosinophillic peroxidase
Term
contents of eo epec in gran
Definition
major basic protein, eo cationic protein
Term
contents of baso spec gran
Definition
histamine, heparin, SRS, ECF, NCF (chemotactics)
Term
% of lymphocytes that are T
Definition
85-90
Term
% of lymphocytes that are B
Definition
4-10
Term
% of lymphocytes that are NK
Definition
5
Term
% of lymphocytes that are stem cells
Definition
.01
Term
leukocytes of innate immunity
Definition
N, E, B, LNK
Term
leukocytes of adaptive immunity
Definition
LT, LB, LNK, M
Term
contents of delta granules of platelets
Definition
calcium, ADP, ATP, serotonin, histamine
Term
contents of alpha granules of platelets
Definition
fibrinogen, PDGF
Term
contents of lamda granules of platelets
Definition
lysosomes
Term
Virchow triad
Definition
1. stasis, turbulence 2. endothelial injury 3. hypercoagulability
Term
Factor I
Definition
fibrinogen
Term
Factor II
Definition
prothrombin
Term
Factor III
Definition
tissue thromboplastin
Term
Factor VIII
Definition
antihemophilic globulin
Term
Factor IX
Definition
Xmas, plasma thromboplastin component
Term
Factor XII
Definition
Hageman factor
Term
Factor XIII
Definition
Fibrin stab factor
Term
Hemophilia A is a defect in
Definition
VIII
Term
Hemophilia B is a defect in
Definition
IX
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