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| Money given to states by the federal government in "blocks" or lumps....the states have a lot of say in how they spend this money. |
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| Money given to states by the federal government that have to be spent in specific ways and in specific categories specified by the federal government. One category might be for roads or highways, another might be for government buildings, another for schools. |
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| These are funds given to the states by the federal government and each state receives money based upon a specific mathematical formula that takes population and need into account. |
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| States submit a proposal to the federal government to fund a specific project (like a bridge or a university, etc.), and the states compete with each other to get the funds based on how good their proposal is. |
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Authority held by both the states and the federal government to do basically the same function at the same time- like both have the authority to assess and collect taxes.
Concurrent means "at the same time". |
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| This is a power reserved for state governments. They have the power to regulate health,safety and morals of their citizens by forming a police force and using this police force to uphold laws. |
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| Article 1 of the Constitution says that Congress can do anything "necessary and proper" to carry out the expressed (specifically written out) powers in the Constitution. |
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| This comes from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution. This deals with anything not specifically laid out for the federal government to do and therefore, it is assumed that the states will do them. (run schools, etc.) |
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| This gives the federal government power to regulate commerce (money, sales and transport of goods, etc.) with states, foreign governments and native tribes. |
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| Full Faith and Credit Clause |
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| This is part of Article IV of the Constitution. It means that one state will give "full faith and credit" to legal decisions made in other states. In other words, they will honor agreements that were signed in other states. Example: a marriage that is legal here is legal in other states as well. |
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| Necessary and Proper Clause |
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| From Article 1- gives Congress authority to do everything necessary to carry out the responsibilities that are laid out for it in the Constitution. |
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| Privileges and Immunities Clause |
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| From Article IV- says states cant' give their own citizens privileges over people from other states and they can't deny rights to people based on whether they live in the state or not. |
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| This is when the government offers states money through grants in order to "encourage" the states to do what the federal government wants them to do. We just went through this with Obama. In the financial crisis, Obama's government offered grants to states, but if we took it there were strings attached... |
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| Fundamental government powers are shared by the states and the national government. |
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| This is when Ronald Reagan and RIchard Nixon tried to give powers back to states through giving states block grants to work on whatever they needed. |
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| This is when Congress passes laws to make states meet national standards. This is what the No Child Left Behind Act is supposed to do. It is supposed to make the education systems across the whole country follow the same standards. |
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| This is the process that the federal government uses to return some tax money to the states for specific purposes by using a mathematical formula. |
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| This is what allows the federal government to overrule state government decisions. |
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| This is when the federal government delegates one or more of its responsibilities to the states. |
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| This is the idea that states should want to govern themselves and limit the power of the national government to interfere. This was a popular political platform before the Civil War when the South did not want the federal government to interfere with the system of slavery. |
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| Economic policies that allow the government to take money from the well-off people through taxation and give the money to the poor through welfare programs. Government "redistributes" the wealth. |
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| When the federal government says the states must do something, but it gives no money to help the goal be accomplished. |
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| This is when the power rests with the federal government and lower levels of government do not have much authority. Communist and Socialist governments are this type of system. |
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