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Family Law
Tennessee Statutes
61
Law
Graduate
04/27/2013

Additional Law Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
TN Enoch Arden Statute
Definition
Spouse absent for two years, there is well-founded rumor of spouses death then can remarry without divorce
Term
TN Modification of custody/Visitation orders
Definition

"material change in circumstances. 

After a finding a material change, court must determine whether the modification is in the child's best interest

Term
TN Relocation
Definition

If moving 100 miles, must give the other parent 60 days notice. 

If opposed, look at the existing custodial agreement. 

If parties spend substantialy equal intervals of time with the child, there is no presumption in favor of or against the request to relocate. 

Look at the best interests of the child.

Term
TN Paternity
Definition

Action to establish paternity can be brought before or after the child's birth and up to 3 years after the birth. 

Preponderance of the evidence to rebut paternity

Term
Surrogacy (Johnson v. Calvert)
Definition
This case inquired into the parties intentions as manifested in teh surrogacy agreements. Solutions test. Intend to raise child as her own?
Term
TN Defenses to adultry
Definition

Recrimination - requires proof that the plaintiff is guilty of adultery. 

Condonation - knowledge of adultery and takes the spouse back.

Connivance: secret/indirect consent of competent spouse. 

Term
TN irreconcilable differences
Definition

Must have marital dissolution

only available by agreement of both parties

adequate insufficient provision for custody and maintenance of minor child

Term
TN presumption of divorce
Definition
Absence for five years and not known to be living, the spouse may marry without obtaining a divorce
Term
A man is rebuttably presumed to be the father of a child if:
Definition

1. The man & mother were/are married - child born during marriage/300 days

2. Attempted to marry in compliance w/ law (Before child's birth)

3. " " (after birth) and father registery/birth certificate/obligated to support

Term
Court has jurisdiction to enter a divorce decree if:
Definition

1. Acts complained/committed by person was bona fide residence of TN

2. Out of state P was not res/D has resided in state 6 months prior to filing the complaint.

Term
4 potential ways to have Child Custody jurisdiction under UCCJEA
Definition

1. Home state 

2. Significant connection

3. Last resort

4. emergency 

Term
8 basis for personal jurisdiction over non resident parties under Uniform Interstate Family Support Act
Definition
personally served w/in state; consent; resided w/ child in state; provided prenatal/support while in state;child ordered to reside in state;engaged in sexual intercourse;asserted putative father registry in state; any other basis for jurisdiciton
Term
When may an action be brought in regards to parentage
Definition
The court may enter an order of parentage upon the agreement of teh mother and father unless the court on its own motion orders genetic testing.
Term
A complaint to etablish parentage of a child may be filed by:
Definition

1. a majority child/minor's guardian

2. Child's mother

3. A man claiming to be the child's father

4. Dep't of human services or its contractor

Term
Statute of limitations to establish the parentage of a child
Definition
May be instituted before or after the birth of the child and until three years beyond the child's age majority.
Term
Adultury Defenses
Definition

1. Complanant has been guilty of like act

2. Admitted the act and embraces

3. allowed wife's prostitutuions AND received hire for them

4. wife was exposed to lewd company by husband and she becomes ensnared in the act of adultery

Term
If the court makes a final distribution of marital property at the time of the decree of legal separation
Definition

any after-acquired property is separate property

Cannot be modified

Term
Under what circumstances does separate property become marital property
Definition

If each party substantially contriubed to its perservation and appreciation, and 

the value of vested and unvested pension/stock/retirement/fringe benefits that accrued during the period of the marriage. 

Term
What does it mean by "substantial contribution"
Definition
May include, but not be limited to , the direct or indirect contribution of a spouse as homemaker, wage earner, parent or family financial manager, together with such other factors as the court having jurisdction thereof may determine
Term
Separate property means:
Definition
All real and personal property owned by a spouse before marriage, including, but not limited ot, assets held in individual retirement accoutns; property acquired in exchange for property acquired before the marriage; gift; property after legal separation
Term
In making equitable division of marital proeprty the court shall consider all relevant factors including:
Definition
1.duration of marriage 2. Age/earning capacity/estate financial liabilities/financial needs 3. contribution to education 4. ability of each in future 5. value of separate property 6. estate of each 7. economic circumstnaces 8. tax consequences 9. social security benefits 10. such other factors
Term
How does the court view the marital home when dividing marital property
Definition
The court may award the family home and household effects, or the right to live therein and use the household effects for a reasonable period, to either party, but shall give special consideration to a spouse having physical custody of a chold/children of the marriage.
Term
When will a court modify an alimony award?
Definition
The court may award an increase or decrease or other modication of the award based upon a showing of a substnaital and material change of circumstances
Term
When can transitional alimony be awarded
Definition
Transitional alimony is awarded when the court finds that rehabilitation is not necessary, but the economically disadvantaged spouse needs assistance to adjust to the economic consequences of a divorce.
Term
When specifically can an award of rehabilitative alimony be extended beyond the term initially established by the court or to be increased in amount, or both?
Definition
the recipient of the rehabilitation alimony shall have the burden of proving that all reasonable efforts at rehabilitation have been made and have been unsuccessful
Term

Generally when is alimony in futuro most likely to be awarded?

 

Definition
When there is a relative economic disadvantage and that rehabilitation is not feasible - unable to achieve w/ reasonable effort an earning capacity that will permit standard of living to be comparable
Term
In all cases where a person is receiving alimony in futuro and the alimony recipient lives with a thrid person, a rebuttagle presumption is raised that:
Definition

1. The 3rd person is contributing to the support of the alimony recipient

2. the third person is receiving support from the alimony recipient 

Term
When will an award of alimony in futuro end?
Definition

Automatically and unconditionally terminate upon the death or remarriage of the recipient. 

upon the death of the payor, unless otherwise specifically stated

Term
What is the presumption concerning child support guidelines
Definition
the court shall apply, as a rebuttable presumption, the child support guidelines
Term
When will the court court deviate from the child support guidelines presumption?
Definition

1. remaining spouse knew/could know of the location of the child (removed)

2. Whether abandoning spouse intentionally w/o good cause removed child

3. the attempts by abandoning spouse to notify the other.

Term
What is the burden of proof to rebut the presumption of child support guidelines:
Definition
Clear and convincing evidence
Term
Deviations from the child support guidelines shall not be granted in circumstances, where, based upon clear and convincing evidence:
Definition

1. history of violence 

2. child is product of rape/incest

3. spouse has a reasonable apprehension of harm

4. Abused/neglected the child

Term
Parenting responsibilities (the establishment of which is the objective of a permanent parenting plan) include:
Definition

1. providing for the child's emotional care/stability

2. providing for the child's physical care

3. Providing encouragement/protection fo teh child's intellectual/moral development

4. Assisting in interpersonal relationships

5. Exercising judgment for child's welfare

6. Fianancial security/support in additon to child support obligations

Term
The parent spending the greater amount of time with a child shall be permitted to relocate with the child unless the court finds:
Definition

1. does not have a reasonable purpose

2. pose a threat of specific/serious harm to child outweighing harm to change of custody

3. vindictive motive  intended to defeat/deter visitation rights

Term
Antenuptial/prenuptial agreements shall be binding upon any court having jurisdiction over such spouses if:
Definition

entered into by such spouses-

1. freely 2. knowledgeably 3. in good faith 4. without exertion of duress 5. without exertion of undue influence

Term
Domestic Abuse victim means any person who falls within the following categories:
Definition

Current/former spouses

who live/have lived together

dating/had dated/have or have had sexual relationship

related by blood/adoption

related/formerly realted by marriage

Term
Any law enforcement officer shall arrest the respondent w/o a warrant if:
Definition

1. proper jurisdiction 

2. has reasonable cause violated/in violation of an order for protection

3. Verified order is in effect

4. 

Term

To determine who is the primary agressor the officer shall consider

 

Definition

1. history of domestic abuse

2. severity of the injuries

3. Evidence from persons involved

4. likelihood of future injury

5. Self-Defense?

6. Evidence from witness of domestic abuse

Term

What is TN's general presumptions for the validity of marriage

 

Definition

1. strong presumption in favor of the validity of marriage

2. Rebuttable presumption that the last marriage is a valid marriage and that any prior marriages were dissolved by death or divorce

Term

What are the factors the courts must consider when determining whether to award alimony?

 

Definition

1. Relative earning capaity 2. Education/training 3. Duration 4. Age/physical and mental condition 5. feasible employment 6. separate assets

7. standard of living 8. contributions (T & IT) 9. Relative fault

Term
General rule for what types of alimony are modifiable
Definition

In solido is not modifiable

Rehabilitiative/in futuro is modifiable 

Transitional is not unless parties/courts so provide in award

Term
In what circumstances will a court impute (fault)
Definition

1. willfully or voluntarily unemployed

2. no reliable evidence of income

2. parent has other assets

Term
Child support decree is not subject to modification unless:
Definition

1. 15% change in income of non custodial parent

2. number of children increases

3. disabled child

4. agreement of parent

5. may not go below statutory guidelines unless by court discretion 

Term
What are the factors the court uses in assessing a natural parent's fitness
Definition
1. love/affection 2. continuity; 3. stability; 4. mental/physical health 5. home and school environment 6. reasonable preference of child (12 or older) 7. abuse 8. thrid party cohabitation 9past and future relationship with child
Term
What does TN do w/ a common law marriage?
Definition
1. No longer permits common law marriage but will recognize other valid common law marriage from other states.
Term
Grounds for voidable marriages
Definition

1. consent/capacity to contract

2. D is impotent or marriage is not consummated

3. Womean preganant by another man without knowledge or plaintiff

Term
Grounds for void marriages
Definition

1. Bigamous/incestuous marriages

2. Party adjucated insane at time of marriage ceremony

3. same sex marriages

Term
What is the innocent spouse doctrine?
Definition
Joint tax returns makes each spouse jointly and severally liable to the IRS
Term
What kinds of order does a court issue in regards to a domestic abuse claim
Definition

1. temporary order - must be immediate and present danger 

2. Longer order - must prove that the allegation of abuse, stalking or assault by a preponderance of the evidence

Term
What is the jurisdicational requirement for divorce
Definition
Divorce is available based on one spouse's domicile, regardless of whether a court has personal jurisdiction over both spouses.
Term
How long must a spouse be residing in the state for the court to have personal jurisdiction over the spouse?
Definition
6 months
Term
Even where the parties indisputably live apart, they may not be considered separated unless their removal is accompanied by:
Definition
a subjective intention to dissolve their marriage, which is present at the beginning of the separation period.
Term
When does the Uniform Marriage and Divorce Act find "irretrievable breakddown" to have occurred?
Definition
Only upon evidence that the parties have lived separate and apart for a period of more than 180 days or there is a serious marital discord adversely affecting the attitude of one or both of the parties toward the marriage
Term
A biological parent must support the child regardless of whether:
Definition

They were ever married to the other parent

The two parents were together only once to conceive the child

They ever maintained a household together

UNLESS PARENTAL RIGHTS ARE TERMINATED

Term
How does TN determine child support
Definition

1. Determine total income

2. Apply guidelines to the amount and divide support on a pro-rate basis according to parent's icnome

Term
Nexus Test
Definition
Must demonstrate a nexus between the alleged immoral behavior and harm to the child
Term
Uniform Parent Act recognizes as a parent:
Definition

A person who lives with the child during its first two years of life AND

openly holds out the child as his or her own.

Term
What is the consideration requirement for prenups and postnups?
Definition

Consideration for prenups is the marriage itself

Consideration for postnups (must be more obv.)  has to flow to both parties 

Term
Under the Uniform Marriage and Divorce Act the prevailing view is that the parties/ agreement concerning alimony or peroperty rights is:
Definition
presumptively binding on teh court, absent proof of fraud, duress, or unconscionability
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