Term
| Blockage in a pathway not only stops the production of something we need but it can lead to |
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Definition
| accumulation of something we dont want. |
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Term
| Transcription of the gene produces an |
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Definition
| mRNA with a nucleotide sequence complementary to one of the DNA strands |
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Term
| Translation of the mRNA produces a protein molecule with an |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template. |
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| RNA is complementary to the |
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Definition
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Term
| RNA that is synthesized from a gene coding for a protein is called |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
|
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Definition
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Term
| during transcription how many strands of DNA is read? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the synthesis of a polypeptide directed by mRNA |
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Term
| how many bases in nucleic acids |
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Definition
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Term
| how many amino acids in protiens? |
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Definition
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Term
| Translation occurs where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Proteins are synthesized according to the genetic message of what? |
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Definition
| sequential codons in the mRNA |
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Term
| a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifies which amino acid will be added to a growing polypeptide or signals the termination of translation is? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the genetic code, a triplet of nucleotides specifies? |
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Definition
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Term
| there can potentially be how many amino acids |
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Definition
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Term
| an amino acid is usually encoded by more than one? |
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Definition
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Term
| The sequence of nucleotides present in the DNA is reflected by the sequence in |
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Definition
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Term
| The sequence of nucleotides in a mRNA determines the sequence of |
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Definition
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Term
| The sequence of amino acids determines |
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Definition
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Term
| proteins are built in the |
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Definition
| ribosome of the cytoplasm |
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Term
| The ribosome coordinates the pairing of tRNA anticodons with |
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Definition
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Term
| -holds the tRNA with the polypeptide chain attached. |
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Definition
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Term
| hold the tRNA with the next amino acid to be added. |
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Definition
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| holds all the components together as enzymes transfer the next amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. |
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Definition
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Term
| mutations limited to one or two nucleotides in a single gene, and can affect the function of a protein. |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA that encodes information needed to produce proteins, cells, and entire organisms |
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Definition
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Term
| The location of a gene on a chromosome is called its |
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Definition
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Term
| human cells contain how many chromosomes? |
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Definition
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Term
| humans have how many autosomes? |
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Definition
| 22 pairs + 1 pair of sex chromosomes |
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Term
| a pair of chromosomes that contain the same genes are? |
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Definition
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Term
| Alternative versions of genes found at the same gene locus are called |
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Definition
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Term
| if a mutation occurs in the gametes |
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Definition
| it can be passed on to offspring |
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Term
| If both homologous chromosomes carry the same allele (gene form) at a given gene locus, the organism is |
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Definition
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Term
| If two homologous chromosomes carry different alleles at a given locus, the organism |
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Definition
| Heterozygous at that locus or called hybrid |
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Term
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Definition
| the mating of pollen and eggs |
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Term
| The pairs of alleles on homologous chromosomes separate, or segregate, from each other during meiosis is known as? |
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Definition
| Mendel's law of segragation |
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Term
| The particular combination of the two alleles carried by an individual is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The physical expression of the genotype is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| females have what chromosomes? |
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Definition
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Term
| males have what chromosomes |
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Definition
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Term
| during sperm formation each sperm recieves what? |
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Definition
| x&Y chromosomes with a copy of automsomes |
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Term
| an unfertilized egg will only receive what chromosome? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes, the pattern of inheritance is called incomplete dominance |
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Definition
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Term
| Allele o codes for a nonfunctional enzyme |
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Definition
| that doesnt add any sugar molecules. |
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Term
| Alleles A and B code for enzymes that add different sugar molecules to the ends of |
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Definition
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Term
| The antibodies cause red blood cells that bear foreign glycoproteins to |
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Definition
| clump together and rupture |
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Term
| whatcauses gametes to have too many and too few chromosomes |
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Definition
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Term
| change in the genetic makeup of a population over time as a result of natural selection is called |
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Definition
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Term
| the preserved remains or traces of organisms that died long ago |
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Definition
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Term
| most fossils are found in |
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Definition
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Term
| fossils found in the oldest layers are? |
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Definition
| very different from modern organisms |
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Definition
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Term
| Individual members of a population are different from one another. |
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Definition
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Term
| the variations in a population arise by |
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Definition
| chance from random mutations in DNA |
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Term
| At least some of the differences between members of a population are characteristics that may be passed from parent to offspring |
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Definition
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Term
| In each generation, some individuals in a population survive and reproduce successfully. Others do not |
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Definition
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Term
| : Individuals with advantageous traits survive longest and produce the most offspring, a process known as natural selection |
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Definition
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Term
| modifies populations over time? |
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Definition
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Term
| structures that have the same evolutionary origin despite their current appearance or function |
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Definition
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Term
| Bird and mammalian forelimbs are |
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Definition
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Term
| remnants of structures that are inherited from ancestors |
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Definition
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Term
| selective breeding to produce plants and animals that possess desirable traits |
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Definition
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