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Faith Cell Energy and Processes 7th grade
Test #3
23
Science
7th Grade
10/10/2009

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Term
organic
Definition
a compound that contains carbon
Term
inorganic
Definition
a compound that does not contain carbon
Term
amino acids
Definition
the building blocks of proteins
Term
enzyme
Definition
a protein that helps a chemical reaction
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
sugars and starches made of C, H, and O
Term
lipids
Definition
organic compounds such as fats, waxes and oils
Term
nucleic acids
Definition
organic molecules with instructions to carry out the functions of life
Term
diffusion
Definition
the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration
Term
osmosis
Definition
the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Term
active transport
Definition
movement of materials across a cell membrane requiring energy
Term
passive transport
Definition
movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
the process by which plants trap light energy with chlorophyll and use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and oxygen
Term
stomata
Definition
openings through which oxygen and carbon dioxide move into and out of a leaf
Term
respiration
Definition
process of cells breaking down food to release energy in the cell
Term
fermentation
Definition
cells breaking down molecules to release energy and not using oxygen
Term
lactic acid
Definition
produced in muscles due to oxygen debt which causes sore muscles
Term
interphase
Definition
the stage of growth of a cell
Term
mitosis
Definition
division of the nucleus of a cell
Term
cytokinesis
Definition
division of the cytoplasm of a cell
Term
What happens following the last stage of the cell cycle?
Definition
The process starts all over again.
Term
formula for respiration
Definition
oxygen + glucose --> water + carbon dioxide + energy
Term
formula for photosynthesis
Definition
carbon dioxide + water --> oxygen + glucose
Term
Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are related.
Definition
They both form a cycle that keeps the levels of carbon dioxide fairly constant. The formulas are opposite. They contain the same substances.
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