Orbicularis oris inferior

Origin: Corner of lips (runs under bottom lip)

Insertion: Opposite corner of lips 

Innervation: CN VII (facial)

Function: constricts oral opening

Orbicularis oris superior

Origin: corner of lips (runs along top lip)

Insertion: opposite corner of lips

Innervation: CN VII (facial)

Function: constricts oral opening

Risorius

Origin: posterior region of the face along the fasia of the masseter

Insertion: orbicularis oris (corners of mouth)

Innervation: CN VII, buccal branch

Function: retracts lips at the corners

Buccinator

Origin: pterygomandibular ligament

Insertion: orbicularis oris (corners of mouth)

Innervation: CN VII, buccal branch

Function: moves food onto the grinding surfaces of the molars; constricts oropharynx

Levator Labii Superioris

Origin: infraorbital margin of the maxilla

Insertion: mid-lateral region of upper lip

Innervation: CN VII, buccal branch

Function: elevates upper lip

Zygomatic Minor

Origin: facial surface of zygomatic bone

Insertion: mid-lateral region of upper lip

Innervation: CN VII, buccal branch

Function: elevates upper lip

Levator Labii Alaequi Nasi Superioris

Origin: frontal process of the maxilla

Insertion: mid-lateral region of upper lip

Innervation: CN VII, buccal branch

Function: elevates upper lip

Levator Anguli Oris

Origin: canine fossa of maxilla

Insertion: corners of lips

Innervation: CN VII, superior buccal branches

Function: draws corner of mouth up and medially

Zygomatic Major

Origin: zygomatic bone, lateral to zygomatic minor

Insertion: corner of orbicularis oris

Innervation: CN VII, buccal branch

Function: elevates and retracts angle of mouth

Depressor Labii Inferioris

Origin: mandible at the oblique line

Insertion: lower lip

Innervation: CN VII, mandibular marginal branch

Function: dilates orifice by pulling lips down and out

Depressor Anguli Oris (Triangularis)

Origin: lateral margins of the mandible on the oblique line

Insertion: orbicularis oris and upper lip corner

Innervation: CN VII, mandibular branch

Function: depresses corners of mouth and helps compress upper lip against lower lip

Mentalis

Origin: region of the incisive fossa of mandible

Insertion: skin of chin

Innervation: CN VII, mandibular branch

Function: elevates and wrinkles chin and pulls lower lip out

Platysma

Origin: fascia overlaying pectoralis major and deltoid

Insertion: corner of mouth, region below symphysis mente, lower margin of mandible, and skin near masseter

Innervation: CN VII, cervical branch

Function: depresses mandible

Superior Longitudinal

Origin: fibrous submucous layer near the epiglottis, the hyoid, and the median fibrous septum

Insertion: lateral margins of tongue and region of apex

Innervation: CN XII

Function: elevates, assists in retraction, or deviates tip of tongue

Inferior Longitudinal

Origin: root of tongue, corpus of hyoid

Insertion: apex of tongue

Innervation: XII

Function: pulls tip of tongue downward, assists in retraction, and deviates tongue

Transverse Muscles

Origin: median fibrous septum

Insertion: side of tongue in the submucous tissue

Innervation: XII

Function: provide mechanism for narrowing tongue

Vertical Muscles

Origin: base of tongue

Insertion: membranous cover of tongue

Innervation: CN XII

Function: pull tongue down into the floor of mouth

Genioglossus

Origin: inner mandibular surface at symphysis

Insertion: tip and dorsum of tongue and corpus of hyoid

Innervation: CN XII

Function: anterior fibers retract tongue; posterior fibers protrude tongue; together, anterior and posterior fibers depress tongue

Hyoglossus

Origin: length of greater cornu and lateral body of hyoid

Insertion: sides of tongue between styloglossus and inferior longitudinal muscles

Innervation: CN XII

Function: pulls sides of tongue down

Styloglossus

Origin: anterolateral margin of styloid process

Insertion: inferior sides of tongue

Innervation: CN XII

Function: draws tongue back and up

Chondroglossus

Origin: lesser cornu of hyoid

Insertion: interdigitates with intrinsic muscles of tongue medial to the point of insertion of the hyoglossus

Innervation: CN XII

Function: depresses tongue

Palatoglossus

Origin: anterolateral palatal aponeurosis

Insertion: sides of posterior tongue

Innervation: CN XI and X, pharyngeal plexus

Function: elevates tongue or depresses soft palate