Term
A 28-year-old woman with schizoid affective disorder and difficulty sleeping would be most benefited by which of the following drugs?
A. Aripiprazole
B. Chlorpromazine
C. Haloperidol
D. Risperidone
E. Ziprasidone |
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Definition
| B. Chlorpromazine has significant sedative activity as well as antipsychotic properties. Of the choices, it is the drug most likely to alleviate this patient's major complaints, including her insomnia |
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Term
Which one of the following combinations of antiparkinson drugs is an appropriate therapy?
A. Amantadine, Carbidopa, Entacapone
B. Levodopa, Carbidopa, Entacapone
C. Pramipexole, Carbidopa, Entacapone
D. Ropinirole, Carbidopa, Segeliline |
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Definition
| B. To reduce the dose of levodopa and its peripheral side effects, the peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor, carbidopa, is coad min istered. As a result of this combination, more levodopa is available for metabolism by COMT to 3-methyldopa, which competes with dopa for the active transport processes into the CNS. By administering entacapone (inhibitor of COMT), the competing product is not formed, and more dopa enters the brain. The other choices are not appropriate, because neither peripheral decarboxylase nor COMT nor MAO metabolizes amantadine or the direct-acting dopamine agonists, ropinirole and pramipexole. |
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Term
Peripheral adverse effects of levodopa, including nausea, hypotension, and cardiac arrhythmias, can be diminished by including which of the following drugs in the therapy?
A. Amantadine.
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Definition
| C. Carbidopa inhibits the peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa to dopamine, thereby diminishing the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects of levodopa. |
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Term
Which of the following antiparkinson drugs may cause peripheral vasospasm?
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Definition
| B. Bromocriptine is a dopaminereceptor agonist that may cause vasospasm; it is contraindicated in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Ropinirole directly stimulates dopamine receptors, but it does not cause vasospasm. The other drugs do not act directly on dopamine receptors. |
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