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Exploring Life Chapter 14
Key terms for Exploring Life Chapter 14; Concept 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, and 14.5
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Biology
8th Grade
12/06/2010

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Term
Evolution
Definition
generation-to-generation change in the proportion of different inherited genes in a population that accounts for all of the changes that have transformed life over an immense time.
Term
Adaptation
Definition
inherited characteristics that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.
Term
Descent with Modifications
Definition
process by which descendants of ancestral organisms spread into habitats and accumulate adaptations to diverse ways of living.
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well-suited to the environment leave more offspring then do other individuals.
Term
Fossils
Definition
Preserved remains or markings left by organisms that lived in the past.
Term
fossil record
Definition
Te chronological collection of life's remains in the rock's layers, recorded during the passage of time.
Term
Extinct
Definition
A species that no longer exists.
Term
Homologous Structures
Definition
Similar structures in species sharing a common ancestor.
Term
Vestigial Structures
Definition
Remnants of structures that may have had important functions in an ancestral species, but ave no clear function in some of the modern descendants.
Term
Variation
Definition
difference among members of a species.
Term
Artificial Selection
Definition
selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring with desired genetic traits.
Term
Population
Definition
group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time.
Term
gene pool
Definition
All of the alleles in all the individuals that make up a population.
Term
Microevolution
Definition
Evolution on the smallest scale--a generation-to-generation change in the frequencies of alleles withing a population
Term
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Definition
Condition that occurs when the frequency of alleles in a particular gene pool remain constant over time.
Term
Genetic Drift
Definition
change in the gene pool of a population due to chance.
Term
Gene Flow
Definition
exchange of genes between populations.
Term
fitness
Definition
contribution that an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation compared to the contribution of other individuals.
Term
Antibiotics
Definition
medicine that kills or slows the gowth of bacteria.
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