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Exploration to Revolution
Terms and names associated with the exploration and early revolutions of America
66
History
Undergraduate 1
09/03/2013

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Term
CANADIAN SHIELD
Definition
a zone under girded by ancient rock
Term
NATION-STATE
Definition
dense concentration of population
Term
MATRILINEAL
Definition
inheriting or determining descent through the female
Term
PATRILINEAL
Definition
inheriting or determining descent through the male line
Term
CONFEDERACY
Definition
an alliance between persons, parties, states, etc. for some purpose
Term
INCAS
Definition
natives of Peru
Term
AZTECS
Definition
natives of Mexico
Term
CAHOKIA
Definition
Mississippian settlement near present day East St. Louis
Term
CONQUISTADOR
Definition
Spanish conquerors
Term
CAPITALISM
Definition
investment and ownership of products and companies is done individually
Term
ENCOMIENDA
Definition
allowed the government to "commend", or give Indians to certain colonists in return for the promise to try to Christianize them
Term
MESTIZO
Definition
people of mixed Indian and European heritage
Term
PLANTATION
Definition
based on large-scale commercial agriculture and the wholesale exploitation of slave labor
Term
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
Definition
the reverberations from the discovery of the New World
Term
TREATY OF TORDESILLAS
Definition
Spanish and Portuguese divide the "heathen lands" of the New World
Term
POPE'S REBELLION
Definition
1680, an Indian uprising from the suppression of native religions
Term
BLACK LEGEND
Definition
false concept that the conquererors merely tortured and butchered the Indians, stole their gold, infected them with smallpox, and left little but misery.
Term
MAYFLOWER COMPACT
Definition
an agreement to establish a government written by William Bradford
Term
INDENTURED SERVITUDE
Definition
people who came to the colonies at their own will as servants and were freed over a few years time
Term
ELIZABETH I
Definition
1533-1603; queen of England
Term
JAMES I
Definition
1566-1625; king of England and Ireland
Term
MASS. BAY COMPANY
Definition
a company, chartered in England in 1629 to establish a colony on Massachusetts Bay
Term
JOINT STOCK COMPANY
Definition
an association of individuals in a business enterprise with transferable shares of stock
Term
ROANOKE
Definition
colony named in honor of Elizabeth (after a bad start, mysteriously vanishes)
Term
JAMESTOWN
Definition
first English settlement
Term
SIR WALTER RALEIGH
Definition
English explorer and writer credited with founding North Carolina colonies
Term
HEADRIGHT SYSTEM
Definition
a system of obtaining land in colonial times in which one received fifty acres of land for every emigrant to America one sponsored
Term
PLYMOUTH
Definition
colony established in Massachusetts for the Puritan seperatists
Term
ANNE HUTCHINSON
Definition
American religious liberal, born in England
Term
ROGER WILLIAMS
Definition
founder of the Rhode Island colony; believed that individuals had a close relationship with God
Term
WILLIAM BRADFORD
Definition
founder of Plymouth colony, wrote the Mayflower Compact
Term
ROYAL COLONY
Definition
a colony ruled or administered by officials appointed by and responsible to the reigning sovereign of the parent state
Term
JOHN SMITH
Definition
savior of the Jamestown colony during the "starving times"
Term
SIR WILLIAM BERKELEY
Definition
British colonial governor of Virginia
Term
PROPRIETARY COLONY
Definition
any of certain colonies that were granted to an individual or group by the British crown and that were granted full rights of self government
Term
VIRGINIA COMPANY
Definition
a pair of English joint stock companies chartered by James I
Term
MARTIN LUTHER
Definition
German theologian and author; leader of the Protestant reformation
Term
JOHN WINTHROP
Definition
founder of the Massachusetts Bay colony; stole royal charter
Term
PEQUOT WAR
Definition
a war in 1637 between the Connecticut colonists and the Pequot Indians
Term
KING PHILIP'S WAR
Definition
the war between New England colonists and a confederation of Indians
Term
BARTOLOME DE LAS CASAS
Definition
Spanish Dominican missionary and historian in the Americas
Term
NAVIGATION ACTS
Definition
any of several acts of Parliament between 1651 and 1847 designed primarily to expand British trade and limit trade by British colonies with countries that were rivals of Great Britain
Term
GEORGE CALVERT
Definition
founder of Maryland colony
Term
NEW NETHERLANDS
Definition
a Dutch colony in America along the Hudson river
Term
DOMINION OF NEW ENGLAND
Definition
the combining of New England's colonies into one
Term
GEORGE WHITFIELD
Definition
Anglican preacher that helped spread the Great Awakening
Term
MIDDLE PASSAGE
Definition
the part of the Atlantic Ocean between the west coast of Africa and the West Indies: the longest part of the journey formerly made by slave ships
Term
WILLIAM PENN
Definition
founder of Pennsylvania colony; a Quaker
Term
MARYLAND TOLERATION ACT
Definition
granting religious freedom to dissenting Protestants upon meeting certain conditions
Term
RESTORATION COLONIES
Definition
land grants given by King Charles II to his supporters of the Stuart Restoration
Term
QUAKERS
Definition
1650; a religious sect found by George Fox
Term
COTTON MATHER
Definition
american clergyman and author
Term
STONO REBELLION
Definition
1739; largest slave rebellion; South Carolina
Term
HOUSE OF BURGESSES
Definition
the assembly of representatives in colonial Virginia
Term
BACON'S REBELLION
Definition
an unsuccessful uprising by frontiersmen in Virginia in 1676, led by Nathaniel Bacon against the colonial government in Jamestown
Term
GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
Definition
William and Mary take control over James II
Term
THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Definition
a philosophical movement of the 18th century, characterized by belief in the power of human reason and by innovations in political, religious, and educational doctrine
Term
ZENGER TRIAL
Definition
the arrest and execution of John Peter Zenger
Term
SALEM WITCH TRIALS
Definition
trials held in Salem, Massachusetts in which 20 people were executed for allegedly practicing witchcraft
Term
LEISLER'S REBELLION
Definition
an uprising in colonial New York lead by Captain Jacob Leisler
Term
THE GREAT AWAKENING
Definition
a time of religious revival in colonial America
Term
DUTCH EAST INDIA CO.
Definition
trading company founded in 1602 to protect the Dutch's Indian ocean trade ways
Term
NEW FRANCE
Definition
up to 1763, the French's American colonies
Term
IROQUOIS CONFEDERACY
Definition
confederation of five Indian tribes across upper New York
Term
ANTINOMIANISM
Definition
a person who maintains that Christians are freed from the moral law by virtue of grace as set forth in the gospel
Term
HALF-WAY COVENANT
Definition
allowed the children of baptized but unconverted church members to be baptized and thus become church members and have political rights
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