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Exercise Prescription and CVD Ch. 4&5
Exercise Prescription and Cardio Vascular Disease
26
Fitness
Undergraduate 1
03/21/2012

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Cards

Term
Blood Pressure
Definition
the force that is exerted against the artery walls (normal=120/80) Is controlled by nerve impulses. Systole-top number, contraction of the ventricles. Diastole- bottom number, relaxation of the ventricles
Term
Heart Rate
Definition
the number of times the heart beats per minute
Term
Stroke Volume
Definition
the amount of blood that the heart pumps out per heart beat
Term
Veins
Definition
extremely thin, carries oxygen poor blood back to heart (blue)
Term
Arteries
Definition
thick, have ability to stretch a lot, take blood from heart to rest of the body (red)
Term
Capillaries
Definition
very small, deliver nutrient rich oxygen to tissues
Term
Metabolism
Definition
the sum of all the chemical processes necessary to maintain the functions of the body
Term
Metabolic Rate
Definition
the rate at which your body uses energy, is dependent on your level of activity
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition
glucose, stored as glycogen
Term
Fat
Definition
longer duration lower intensity activity
Term
Protein
Definition
only used when carb. and fat stores are gone
Term
ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
Definition
the basic form of energy that is utilized by our cells
Term
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
Definition
is any disease that affects the heart and blood vessels (leading cause of death in the U.S.)
Term
Arteriosclerosis
Definition
a group of disease characterized by a slow progressive narrowing of "hardening" of the artery by plaques (fat deposits) (beginning stages of CVD)
Term
Coronary Heart Disease
Definition
is the major disease of the cardiovascular system, also called coronary artery disease
Term
Heart Attack
Definition
caused by the plaque that forms in one or more of the arteries, can cause a blockage of blood flow to the heart, and tissue can die because of lack of blood flow to that area
Term
Major Forms of CVD
Definition
Heart Attack, Stroke, Hypertension, Congestive Heart Failure
Term
Stroke
Definition
occurs when the blood supply to the brain reduces for a prolonged period of time by a blockage of artery to the brain
Term
Hypertension
Definition
result from either increased output of blood by the heart or increased resistance to blood flow from narrowing, hardened arteries. occurs when blood exerts too much force against the vessel walls
Term
Congestive Heart Failure
Definition
occurs when the heart is weakened and cannot maintain it's usual pumping rhythm
Term
Major Risk Factors of CVD
Definition
Heredity, Gender, Increasing Age, Physical Inactivity, Overweight/Obesity, Diabetes, Smoking, & High Cholesterol (CHL)
Term
Contributory Risk Factors
Definition
increase the risk of CVD, but their direct contribution is unclear. (stress and drinking alcohol)
Term
Men's CVD Risk
Definition
at risk during 30s-40s because of things like higher stress
Term
Women's CVD Risk
Definition
higher risk when older because estrogen is no longer produced after menopause and estrogen has a direct link to protecting the heart
Term
VO2
Definition
the body is limited in how much it can improve its ability to transport and use oxygen (limit is VO2 or Maximal Oxygen Consumption)
Term
Maximal Oxygen Consumption
Definition

the highest rate of oxygen an individual is capable of having during activity

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