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Exercise Physiology
Final
55
Physiology
Undergraduate 4
03/09/2009

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Term
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Definition
- A form of arteriosclerosis that involves changes in the lining of the arteries and plaque accumulation, leading to progressive narrowing of the arteries.
Term
BICARBONATE LOADING
Definition
- ingesting bicarbonate to elevate blood pH with hopes of delaying fatigue by increasing the capacity to buffer acids.
Term
AUTOGENIC INHIBITION
Definition
- Reflex inhibition of a motor neuron in response to excessive tension in the muscle fibers it supplies, as monitored by the Golgi tendon organs.
Term
END-SYSTOLIC VOLUME
Definition
- The volume of blood left remaining in the left ventricle at the end of systole.
Term
FICKS LAW
Definition
- Diffusion rate is proportional to the area, diffusion rate, and inversely proportional to the thickness.
Term
BODY DENSITY
Definition
- Body weight divide by volume
Term
CARDIOVASCULAR DRIFT
Definition
- Increase heart rate during exercise causes a decrease in stroke volume thus maintaining cardiac output.
Term
CARDIAC OUTPUT
Definition
- The volume of blood pumped out of the heart.
Term
DEPOLARIZATION
Definition
- A decrease in the electrical potential across a membrane, inside the cell becomes less negative than outside the cell.
Term
EJECTION FRACTION
Definition
- The fraction of blood pumped out the left ventricle with each contraction. EV/EDV=EF
Term
EXTERNAL RESPIRATION
Definition
- The process of bringing air into the lungs and the resulting exchange of gas between alveoli
Term
Golgi Tendon Organ
Definition
- Tension, relaxation, and MTJ
Term
CALORIE
Definition
- The amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1g of water 1° C to 15°C
Term
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
- Consist of the brain and spinal cord.
Term
Diabetes I
Definition
Insulin dependent, the pancreas can't produce insulin.
Term
Diabetes II
Definition
The body is insulin resistant
Term
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Definition
- Progressive narrowing of the coronary arteries.
Term
Hyponatrium
Definition
a blood sodium concentration below normal range 136 to 143
Term
Hydrostatic Weighing
Definition
A method of measuring body volume in which a person is weighed while submerged underwater.
Term
Hyperpolarization
Definition
An increase in the electrical potential across the membrane
Term
Isokinetic Training
Definition
Resistant training in which the rate of movement is kept constant through range of motion.
Term
Krebs Cycle
Definition
A series of chemical reactions that involve the complete oxidation of acetyl CoA and produce 2 mol of ATP, hydrogen and carbon which results in H2O and CO2
Term
Lipoprotein
Definition
The proteins that carrie blood lipid
Term
Macrominerals
Definition
Those minerals the body needs more than 100mg a day.
Term
A and D
Definition
The two vitamins contribute to bone growth
Term
Myosin
Definition
A muscle filament that facilitates muscle contraction
Term
Metabolism
Definition
All energy-producing and energy-using processes within the body
Term
Frostbite
Definition
Tissue damage due to cold exposure and lack of circulation of blood.
Term
Overreaching
Definition
A systematic attempt to attempt to intentionally overstress the body.
Term
Power
Definition
force x distance/time
Term
Synapse
Definition
The junction between two nerons
Term
Substrate
Definition
Basic fuel source CARB FAT PRO
Term
Stroke
Definition
A cerebral vascular accident a condition in which blood supply to some part of the brain is impaired
Term
Sarcopenia
Definition
The loss of muscle associated with aging.
Term
Rhematic Heart Disease
Definition
A form of valvular heart diesease involving a streptococcal infection that has caused acute rheumatic fever
Term
Sarcomere
Definition
the basic functional unit of a myofibril
Term
Tidal volume
Definition
the amount of air inspired or expired during a normal breathing cycle
Term
Microminerals
Definition
the minerals in which the body needs less than 100mg per day also know as trace minerals
Term
Windchill
Definition
a chill factor created by the increase in rate of heat loss via convection and conduction caused by wind
Term
valvular heart disease
Definition
A disease involving one or more of the heart valves. Example Rheumatic heart disease
Term
Total lung Capacity
Definition
the sum of vital capacity and residual volume
Term
Summation
Definition
the sum of all individual changes in a neuron's membrane
Term
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Definition
- A heart disease defect present at birth that occurs from abnormal parental development of the heart or associated vessels.
Term
Bradycardia
Definition
Resting HR below 60
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
a resting heart rate above 100/min
Term
EXCESS POSTEXERCISE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION (EPOC)
Definition
- Elevated oxygen consumption above resting level after exercise.
Term
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
Definition
- From functional stand point, the study of adaptations and responses to exercise.
Term
GLYCOLYSIS
Definition
- The break down of glucose into pyruvic acid.
Term
GOLGI TENDON ORGAN
Definition
- Tension, relaxation, and MTJ
Term
MUSCLE SPINDILE
Definition
- Belle stretch and contract.
Term
Cerebral thrombosis
Definition
the most common in which thrombus forms in a cerebral vessel
Term
Cerebral embolism
Definition
in which an embolus breaks loose from another site in the body and lodges in a cerebral artery.
Term
Cerebral Hemorrhage
Definition
in which one of the cerebral arteries ruptures in the brain
Term
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Definition
in which one of the brain's surface vessels ruptures dumping blood into the space between the brain and the skull.
Term
Heart Failure
Definition
is a clinical condition in which the heart becomes too weak to maintain an adequate cardiac output to meet the oxygen demands.
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