Term
| Properties of Skeletal Muscles |
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Definition
Excitability - responds to stimuli (e.g., nervous
impulses)
• Contractility - able to shorten in length
• Extensibility - stretches when pulled
• Elasticity - tends to return to original shape &
length after contraction or extension |
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Term
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Definition
| Stem cells for muscle. Help rebuild |
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Term
| What would be found in the sarcoplasm? |
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Definition
| large amounts of glycosomes, significant amounts of myoglobin, Ca2+ |
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Term
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Definition
| actin, troponin (I,C &T), tropomyosin, |
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Term
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Definition
| excitory and inhibitory influence (in thin filament) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Binds Troponin to Tropomyosin |
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Term
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Definition
| returns to original state |
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Term
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Definition
Slow Twitch
Slow Oxidative |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Ability to repeatedly lift sub maximal loads, or maintain
a single static contractio |
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Term
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Definition
Rate of Energy Release by cellular respiration with O2
-Max capacity for aerobic syn of ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| max capacity with no O2 to produce ATP |
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Term
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Definition
gradual cycling of specificity, intensity, and
volume of training to achieve peak levels of fitness for competition
important to prevent overtraining and
burnout |
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Term
| (4) Training Needs Analysis |
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Definition
1. Muscle groups to be trained
2. Type of training
3. Energy systems to be trained
4. Sites of concern for injury preventio |
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Term
| Low-repetition, high-resistance training |
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Definition
enhances
strength development |
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Term
| High-repetition, low-resistance training |
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Definition
optimizes
muscular endurance |
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Term
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Definition
essential to
maximizing hypertroph |
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Term
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Definition
increase in muscle size
that develops during and immediately following a single
exercise bout
– Fluid accumulation in the interstitial and
intracellular space from the blood plasma |
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Term
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Definition
| increase muscle size after long-term resistance training |
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Term
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Definition
| increased number fibers (may not happen in humans) |
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Term
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Definition
• Net increase in muscle protein synthesis—possibly
increasing the number of actin and myosin filaments,
and increasing the number of myofibrils
– More sarcoplasm
– Connective tissue
• Facilitated by postexercise nutrition
• Testosterone plays a role in promoting muscle growth |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Decreased rate of protein synthesis
• Decreased strength
• Decreased cross-sectional area
• Decreased neuromuscular activity
• Affects both type I and type II fibers, with a greater
effect in type I fibers
• Muscles can recover when activity is resume |
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Term
| Delayed On Set Muscle Soreness (DOMS) |
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Definition
12-48 hours
Result of Eccentric Contraction
Structural damage
– Impaired calcium homeostasis leading to necrosis
– Accumulation of irritants
– Increased macrophage activity
• May be caused by inflammatory reaction inside
damaged muscle |
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Term
Armstrong’s Sequence
of Events in DOM |
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Definition
1. Structural damage to the muscle cell and cell
membrane
2. Impaired calcium availability, leading to necrosis
3. Increased microphage activity and the accumulation of
irritants inside the cell, which stimulate free (pain)
nerve ending |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 25% fat, 60% carbs, 15% protein |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
stored in the sarcoplasm of muscle cells
Liver |
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Term
| How much energy is derived from lipolysis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| makes glycogen from glucose |
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Term
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Definition
| breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| promotes catabolism (breakdown) |
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