Term
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Definition
| removal of metabolic wastes |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of indigestible material |
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Term
| deamination of amino acids |
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Definition
| in liver, produces nitrogenous wastes (urea and ammonia) |
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Term
| excretion in protozoa and cniderians |
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Definition
-simple diffusion
-some have vacuoles (active transport) |
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Term
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Definition
-moist skin excretes CO2
-2 pairs of nephridia in each body segment excrete water, salts, and nitrogenous wastes in form of urea |
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Term
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Definition
-Co2 released from trachae through spiracles
-nitrogenous wastes are solid uric acid crystals (conserves water)
-salts and uric acid accumulate in malphigian tubules |
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Term
| principal excretion organs |
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Definition
| lungs, liver, skin, kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
| -CO2 and water vapor are exhaled |
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Term
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Definition
-sweat glands excrete water and dissolved salts
-regulates body temp (sweating produces cooling) |
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Term
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Definition
-processes nitrogenous wastes, blood pigment wastes, and other chemicals
-deamination of amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
-maintain the osmolarity of the blood
-excrete waste products and toxic chemicals
-conserve glucose, water, and salt |
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Term
| number of nephrons in kidney |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-outer cortex
-inner medulla
-renal pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| -bulb (horseshoe-like) that embraces the glomerulus |
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Term
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Definition
| capillary bed inside Bowman's capsule |
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Term
| Bowman's capsule leads into |
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Definition
-proximal convoluted tubule
-loop of Henle
-distal convoluted tubule
-collecting duct |
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Term
| loop of Henle runs through the... |
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Definition
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Term
| convoluted tubules and Bowman's capsule are in the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-collecting tubule
-pelvis (kidney)
-ureter
-urinary bladder
-urethra |
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Term
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Definition
-surrounds most of the nephron
-facilitates reabsorption of amino acids, glucose, salts, and water |
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Term
| urine formation steps (3) |
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Definition
-filtration
-secretion
-reabsorption |
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Term
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Definition
-blood pressure forces 20% of blood plasma entering glomerulus through capillary walls and into Bowman's capsule
-passive process |
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Term
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Definition
-fluid and small solute entering the nephron
-isotonic with blood plasma |
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Term
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Definition
-nephron secretes acids, bases, and ions like potassium and phosphate from interstitual fluid into the filtrate by active and passive transport
-materials are secreted from the peritubular capillaries into the nephron tubule
-primary site is distal convoluted tubule |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-essential substances (glucose, salt, amino acids) and water are reabsorbed from the filtrate and returned to the blood
-occurs primarily in the proximal convoluted tubule and is an active process
-movement of these molecules is accompanied by passive movement of water
-forms concentrated urine (hypertonic to blood) |
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Term
| primary sites for regulating water, sodium, potassium loss |
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Definition
| loop of Henle, and collecting duct |
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Term
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Definition
| hormone that causes decreased excretion of sodium ions in urine and increased potassium ion excretion in urine |
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Term
| tissue osmolarity increases from |
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Definition
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Term
| solutes that contribute to the maintenance of the gradient are |
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Definition
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Term
| anatomy of loop of Henle permits reabsorption of |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hormone that regulates the permeability of the collecting tubule to water |
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Term
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Definition
| -waste oxygen and water exits through stomata, lenticels (stems) |
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Term
| most likely filter through glomerulus |
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Definition
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Term
| region of kidney with lowest solute conc. |
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Definition
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Term
| amino acids enter peritubular capillaries via |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-concentrates sodium in the surrounding intersitial cells to establish a solute gradient for reabsorption of water
-the longer it is, the more water is reabsorbed |
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Definition
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