Term
What does the kidneys remove.
(4) |
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Definition
Nitrogenous wastes
bicarbonates
salts
water |
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Term
A toxic waste in the kidneys, it is changed to a curtain less toxic matter my joining....
formula |
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Definition
Ammonia-> Hepatocyte -> urea
2NH3 + 1 CO2 |
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Term
| A phosphate carrier that is removed by the kidney |
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Definition
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Term
Excretion of the following:
Liver:
Lungs:
Intestinal Organs: |
|
Definition
Liver: bile
Lungs: H2O and CO2
Intestinal Organs: Iron and calcium salts + solid wastes |
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Term
| Where is the kidney located? |
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Definition
| the kidneys are located in the dorsal body wall. |
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Term
| What are ureters and urethra |
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Definition
Ureter -> tubes from kidney to bladder
Urethra -> tube from bladder to outside |
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Term
| What is the nephron? and how many of them are there in the kidneys |
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Definition
| functional units of kidneys, 1x10^6 of them in each kidney |
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Term
| what are the 5 structure of the Nephron |
|
Definition
1. Bowman;s capsule
2. Proximal convoluted tubules (PCT)
3. Loop of Henle
4. Distal convolted tubules (DCT)
5. Collecting ducts (CD) |
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Term
| what is the function of the bowman's capsule? |
|
Definition
-site of filtration
-Glamerulus-> cluster of cappilaries |
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Term
| What is the function of the Proximal Convoluted Tubule? |
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Definition
| site of selective re-absorption |
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Term
| what is the function of the Loop of Henle? |
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Definition
| the descending and ascending part of the Loop. |
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Term
| What is the function of the distal convoluted tubules? |
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Definition
| site of tubular secretion. |
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Term
| what is the function of the Collecting Duct? |
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Definition
| It leads to the renal pelvis (inner portion of the kidney) |
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Term
How does pressure filtration work?
how is the blood pressure maintained? |
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Definition
the increase in B.P. in glomerulus 60mmHG
causes small molecules to move into the bowman's capsule.
Renin is added to blood to maintains the increase in blood pressure. |
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Term
how much blood reaches the bowman's capsule each min?
how much of it is form into urine. |
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Definition
| 1300ml, only 1ml contributes to urine. |
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Term
| What happens in the Loop of Henle after all the previous processes/ absorption. what happens at the end of the loop? |
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Definition
| absorptions continues, by the end of the Loop Urine is Hypertonic to blood plasma |
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Term
| What are the properties of the fluid entering the Collecting ducts? |
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Definition
| at the cortex, the blood is isotonic, at the medulla fluid is hypotonic. |
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Term
| where does ADH act on in the nephron system. and how is ADH produced? |
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Definition
the DCT and CD causing more absorption of water.
hypothalamus detects [h2o] then sends message to pituitary gland. gland release ADH to blood stream. |
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Term
| Where is Aldosterone released by, and what is the function of it. |
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Definition
it is released by Adrenal cortex
keeps Na+ and excretes K+ |
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Term
What is the function of Na+ in the blood?
what causes the increase in [Na+] in blood? |
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Definition
| Na+ is stuck with H2O aldosterone |
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