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Excipients
Dosage Forms 1 Exam #3
46
Science
Graduate
12/17/2008

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Term
Lactose
Definition
Reduce volatility
Term
PEG (polyethylene glycol)
Definition
Lowers vapor pressure, viscosity modifier, watersoluble, miscible base
Term
cellulose derivatives (except CMC)
Definition
mucoadhesive, viscosity modifier, gelling agent, not pH dependent, water/alcohol soluble
Term
BAC
Definition
Preservative (opthalmic)
Term
Polyquad
Definition
Nonsensitive preservative (opthalmic)
Term
Thimerosal
Definition
Hypersensitive preservative (opthalmic)
Term
oxidants
Definition
preservative (opthalmic)
Term
acetate, phosphate, citrate, borate, HCL, NaOH
Definition
buffers
Term
NaCl
Definition
tonicity modifier
Term
mannitol, dextrose
Definition
toniity modifier
Term
glycerin
Definition
viscosity modifier
Term
polyvinyl alcohol
Definition
viscosity modifier
Term
Sulfites
Definition
Antioxidants
Term
EDTA
Definition
Chelator, BAC enhancer
Term
Polysorbate (Tween) 80
Definition
Surfactant
Term
Carbomer (carbopol)
Definition
gelling agent, pH dependent, acrylic acid based polymers (oral sus, gels)
Term
Gum Arabic
Definition
gelling agent, from tree, flavor stabilizer, inhibit sugar crystallization, pH and salt dependent, water soluble, fat insoluble
Term
Theobroma oil (cocoa butter)
Definition
oil-soluble base
Term
Synthetic triglycerides
Definition
oil-soluble base
Term
glycerinated gelatin
Definition
water soluble/miscible base
Term
p-hydroxybenzoates
Definition
preservative (topical)
Term
phenols
Definition
preservative (topical)
Term
benzoic acid, sorbic acid
Definition
preservative (topical)
Term
quaternary ammonium salts
Definition
preservative (topical)
Term
organic mercury compounds
Definition
preservative (topical)
Term
formaldehyde
Definition
preservative (topical)
Term
dimethylsulfoxide
Definition
absorption enhancer
Term
urea
Definition
absorption enhancer
Term
citric acid
Definition
absorption enhancer
Term
2-pyrollidone
Definition
absorption enhancer
Term
alginic acid
Definition
gelling agent, from seaweed, swells 200-300 times own weight, food industry b/c tasteless/odorless
Term
gum trabacanth
Definition
gelling agent, from legume, pH 4-8, high cost
Term
CMC
Definition
gelling agent, water soluble all temps, pH 7-9, fat free
Term
glycerin
Definition
cosolvent
Term
propylene glycol
Definition
cosolvent
Term
gelatine
Definition
gelling agent, protein by partial hydrolysis of collagen, high viscosity in water, gel when cool
Term
plastibase
Definition
gelling agent, 5%polyethylene/95% mineral oil, temperature stable
Term
poloxamer
Definition
gelling agent, nonionic block polymers, low toxicity
Term
bentonite magma
Definition
gelling agent, two phase system w/large particle size, forms from weathering of volcanic ash, 5%bentonite in water, thixotropic, swells 12x volume
Term
ethanol
Definition
cosolvent
Term
mineral oil
Definition
protectant
Term
phenylephrine
Definition
vasoconstrictor
Term
petrolatum
Definition
protectant
Term
shark liver oil
Definition
protectant
Term
witch hazel
Definition
astringent
Term
sodium laurylsulfate
Definition
emulsifier
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