Term
| Serratus Anterior & Rhomboid mm. |
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Definition
ROOTS: C5, C6, C7
NERVE: Long Thoracic Nerve
HOW TO TEST:
Have patient press arms against wall and look for winging of scalpula.
(A mastectomy could injur this nerve) |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE: Biceps
ROOTS: C5, C6
NERVE: Musculocutaneous N.
HOW TO TEST:
Have patient flex arm against resistance with hand supinated. |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE: Brachioradialis
ROOTS: C5, C6
NERVE: Radial N
HOW TO TEST:Have patient flex arm against resistance with hand in mid-position. |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE: Deltoid
ROOTS:C5, C6
NERVE:AXILLARY N
HOW TO TEST: Have patient keep shoulders level against resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE: Triceps
ROOTS: C6, C7, C8
NERVE: Radial N.
HOW TO TEST:Have patient extend arm against resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE: Extensor Digitorum
ROOTS: C7, C8
NERVE: Posterior interosseous N
HOW TO TEST: patient extends finger against resistance. |
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Term
| Thumb Extension: (terminal phalanx) |
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Definition
MUSCLES: Extensor Pollicis Longus, Extensor Pollicis Brevis
ROOTS: C7, C8
NERVE: Posterior interosseous N.
HOW TO TEST: Ask patient to extend thumb against resistance. |
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Term
| Finger flexion: (terminal phalanx) |
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Definition
MUSCLES: Flexor digitorum profundus 1 & 2
ROOTS: C7, C8
NERVE: Median N.
HOW TO TEST: Extend patients flexed terminal phalanges. |
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Term
| Finger flexion: (terminal phalanx) |
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Definition
MUSCLES: Flexor digitorum profundus 3 & 4
ROOTS: C7, C8
NERVE: Ulnar N.
HOW TO TEST: Extend patients flexed terminal phalanges. |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE: Opponens pollicis
ROOTS: C8, T1
NERVE: Median N.
HOW TO TEST:
Patient tried to touch the base of the 5th finger against resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE: 1st Dorsal Interosseous
ROOTS: C8, T1
NERVE: Ulnar N.
HOW TO TEST:
Ask patient to abduct fingers against resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
MUSCLE:Abductor Digiti Minimi
ROOTS: C8, T1
NERVE: Ulnar N.
HOW TO TEST:
Ask patient to abduct fingers against resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
ROOTS: C5, C6
NERVE: Musculocutaneous N
HOW TO TEST:
Ensure patients arm is relaxed and slightly flexed. Palpate the biceps tendon with the thumb and then strike with hammer. look for elbow flexion and biceps contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
ROOTS: C6, C7
NERVE: Radial N
HOW TO TEST:
Strike the lower end of the radius with a hammer and look for elbow and finger flexion. |
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Term
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Definition
ROOTS: C6, C7, C8
NERVE: Radial N
HOW TO TEST:
Strike the patients elbow a few inches above the olecrenon process and look for elbow extension/triceps contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
ROOTS: C7, C8
NERVE: Find the patients terminal phalanx, suddenly stretching the flexor tendon on release.
Thumb flexion indicates hyperreflexia.
(Hyperreflexia may be present in subjects with brisk tendon reflexes)
HOW TO TEST: |
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Term
| How can you "enhance" a persons reflexes? |
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Definition
| Ask the patient to clinch their teeth. |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Left Superior Middle Cerebral Artery would result in: |
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Definition
Right face/arm weakness (upper motor neuron)
Non-fluent aphasia (Broca's aphasia)
Could sometimes be right face/arm sensory loss (cortical type) |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Left inferior Middle Cerebral Artery would result in: |
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Definition
Fluent aphasia (Wernicke's aphasia)
right visual field deficit
May have right face/arm sensory loss (cortical type)
Usually NO MOTOR LOSS
Mild weakness of right side during onset
At first patients may seem confused or crazy, but otherwise intact. |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Left Deep Middle Cerebral Artery could result in: |
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Definition
Right pure motor hemiparesis (Upper motor neuron)
Larger infarcts cause cortical deficits such as aphasia. |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Left Stem Middle Cerebral Artery can result in: |
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Definition
Right Hemiplegia
Right Hemianesthesia
right homonymous hemianopia
global aphasia
left gaze preference at onset (due to damage of left hemisphere cortical areas that drive eyes to the right) |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Right Superior Middle Cerebral Artery can result in: |
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Definition
Left face/arm weakness (upper motor neuron)
Left hemineglect
Maybe some left face/arm sensory loss (cortical type) |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Right Inferior Middle cerebral artery can result in: |
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Definition
Profound Left hemineglect
left visual field deficit/left somatosensory deficits
left Motor neglect with decreased voluntary movements
(normal strength on left - seen still in withdrawal from pain)
Mild-right sided weaknesses
right gaze preference at onset |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Right Deep middle cerebral artery may result in: |
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Definition
Left pure motor hemiparesis (upper motor neuron)
Larger infarcts = cortical deficits as well (hemineglect) |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Right stem of the middle cerebral artery can result in: |
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Definition
left hemiplegia
Left hemianesthesia
left homonymous hemianopia
Profound left hemineglect
right gaze preference at onset (due to damage of the right cortical areas important for driving eyes left) |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Left Anterior Cerebral Artery could result in: |
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Definition
Right leg weakness (Upper motor neuron)
Right leg cortical type sensory loss
Grasp reflex
frontal lobe (behavioral) abnormalities
Transcortical aphasia
Larger infarcts = Right hemiplegia |
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Term
| Occlusion of the right anterior cerebral artery can result in: |
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Definition
Left leg weakness (upper motor neuron)
left leg cortical type sensory loss
grasp reflex
frontal lobe (behavioral) abnormalities
left hemineglect
Larger infarcts = left hemiplegia |
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Term
| Occlusion of the left posterior cerebral artery can result in: |
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Definition
Right homonymous hemianopia
extension to the splenium of corpus callosum can cause alexia without agraphia
Larger infarcts could include the thalamus and internal capsule causing aphasia, hemisensory loss and right hemiparesis |
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Term
| Occlusion of the left posterior cerebral artery can result in: |
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Definition
Right homonymous hemianopia
extension to the splenium of corpus callosum can cause alexia without agraphia
Larger infarcts could include the thalamus and internal capsule causing aphasia, hemisensory loss and right hemiparesis |
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Term
| Occlusion of the Right Posterior Cerebral artery may result in: |
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Definition
Left homonymous hemianopia
Larger infarcts may include the thalamus and internal capsule causing left hemisensory loss and left hemiparesis. |
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