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the systematic study of human society and social interaction |
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helps us to understand how seemingly personal troubles, such as suicide, actually are related to larger social forces including those that are related to global interdependence. |
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Sociology emerged out of the social upheaval produced by .... |
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industrialization and urbanization in the late 18th century |
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Sociologists have traditionally used three primary theoretical perspectives to examine social life: |
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1. functionalist perspectives
2. conflict perspectives
3. symbolic interactionist perspectives |
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Functionalist perspectives |
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assume that society is a stable orderly system. |
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assume that society is a continuous power struggle among competing groups, often based on class, race, ethnicity, or gender |
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symbolic interactionist perspectives |
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focuses on how people make sense of their everyday social interactions |
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Sociologists conduct research to gain a more accurate understanding of society |
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based on an approach that answers questions through a direct, systematic collection and analysis of data. |
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focuses on data that can be measured numerically |
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based on interpretive description rather than statistics. |
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steps in the conventional quantitative research: |
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1. select and define the research problem
2. review previous research
3. formulate the hypothesis
4. develop the research design
5. collect and analyze the data
6. draw conclusions and report the findings. |
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1. formulate the problem to be studied instead of creating a hypothesis
2. collect and analyze the data
3. report the results |
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systematic techniques for conducting research |
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